PostgreSQL 9.5.21 commit log

commit   : d9b89f1939cc33f14bb8c3f01ced946eb0febaa5    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 17:23:16 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 17:23:16 -0500    

commit   : 4153ac0d703593987f2fcac082d7fc04546c28cc    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 12:51:07 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 12:51:07 -0500    

Security: CVE-2020-1720  

commit   : 1b2ae4bcd69deb08bbabd335558fa2ef779dc783    
  
author   : Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 12:14:58 -0300    
  
committer: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 12:14:58 -0300    

The original coding failed to quote the argument properly.  
  
Reported-by: Daniel Gustafsson  
Discussion: 1B8AE66C-85AB-4728-9BB4-612E8E61C219@yesql.se  

commit   : a6e11f4a1a5967d2f06fe48716141bf25ae623df    
  
author   : Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 12:55:41 +0100    
  
committer: Peter Eisentraut <peter@eisentraut.org>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 12:55:41 +0100    

Source-Git-URL: https://git.postgresql.org/git/pgtranslation/messages.git  
Source-Git-Hash: cde576a776a749a424b649f24259486752c7884d  

commit   : ad70af11f9836234837361cab91668ab7a9c96b9    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 15:48:56 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 15:48:56 +0900    

This reverts commit d1c0b61.  The patch has some downsides that require  
more attention, as discussed with Noah Misch.  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : bd54e7ace7d60a823d405348a65c9a28171072b7    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 10:49:58 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Mon, 10 Feb 2020 10:49:58 +0900    

The previous coding forgot to apply shell quoting to the socket  
directory and the data folder, leading to failures when running  
pg_upgrade.  This refactors the code generating the pg_ctl command  
starting clusters to use a more correct shell quoting.  Failures are  
easier to trigger in 12 and newer versions by using a value of  
--socketdir that includes quotes, but it is also possible to cause  
failures with quotes included in the default socket directory used by  
pg_upgrade or the data folders of the clusters involved in the  
upgrade.  
  
As 9.4 is going to be EOL'd with the next minor release, nobody is  
likely going to upgrade to it now so this branch is not included in the  
set of branches fixed.  
  
Author: Michael Paquier  
Reviewed-by: Álvaro Herrera, Noah Misch  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 8be0a55d392cc2701d1ffacc45d56a757cb03df0    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sun, 9 Feb 2020 14:14:19 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sun, 9 Feb 2020 14:14:19 -0500    

commit   : 990acfc656c05d499f9aa642ea8cbfe5a6738a4e    
  
author   : Fujii Masao <fujii@postgresql.org>    
date     : Fri, 7 Feb 2020 00:33:11 +0900    
  
committer: Fujii Masao <fujii@postgresql.org>    
date     : Fri, 7 Feb 2020 00:33:11 +0900    

Inherited queries perform access permission checks on the parent  
table only. But there are two exceptions to this rule in v12 or before;  
TRUNCATE and LOCK TABLE commands through a parent table check  
the permissions on not only the parent table but also the children  
tables. Previously these exceptions were not documented.  
  
This commit adds the note about these exceptions, into the document.  
  
Back-patch to v9.4. But we don't apply this commit to the master  
because commit e6f1e560e4 already got rid of the exception about  
inherited TRUNCATE and upcoming commit will do for the exception  
about inherited LOCK TABLE.  
  
Author: Amit Langote  
Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqHfTnMU6SUkyHxCmpHUKk7ERLHCR3vZVq19ZOQBjPBLmQ@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : dc06d0839a330d2a51ae10d1a168312b9daf7b0a    
  
author   : Fujii Masao <fujii@postgresql.org>    
date     : Mon, 3 Feb 2020 12:43:51 +0900    
  
committer: Fujii Masao <fujii@postgresql.org>    
date     : Mon, 3 Feb 2020 12:43:51 +0900    

This commit reverts the fix "Make inherited TRUNCATE perform access  
permission checks on parent table only" only in the back branches.  
  
It's not hard to imagine that there are some applications expecting  
the old behavior and the fix breaks their security. To avoid this  
compatibility problem, we decided to apply the fix only in HEAD and  
revert it in all supported back branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/21015.1580400165@sss.pgh.pa.us  

commit   : a5f45c3dd3b569de07e9adf049e748c6a3a896a5    
  
author   : Thomas Munro <tmunro@postgresql.org>    
date     : Sat, 1 Feb 2020 14:29:13 +1300    
  
committer: Thomas Munro <tmunro@postgresql.org>    
date     : Sat, 1 Feb 2020 14:29:13 +1300    

If we attempt to create a DSM segment when no slots are available,  
we should return the memory to the operating system.  Previously  
we did that if the DSM_CREATE_NULL_IF_MAXSEGMENTS flag was  
passed in, but we didn't do it if an error was raised.  Repair.  
  
Back-patch to 9.4, where DSM segments arrived.  
  
Author: Thomas Munro  
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas  
Reported-by: Julian Backes  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGKAAoEw-R4om0d2YM4eqT1eGEi6%3DQot-3ceDR-SLiWVDw%40mail.gmail.com  

commit   : 59047b6d0c93db208a40a77a3672cbe10b7b04da    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Fri, 31 Jan 2020 17:03:55 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Fri, 31 Jan 2020 17:03:55 -0500    

Commit fc7695891 changed CheckAttributeType to recurse into ranges,  
but made it pass down the wrong collation (always InvalidOid, since  
ranges as such have no collation).  This would result in guaranteed  
failure when considering a range type whose subtype is collatable.  
  
Embarrassingly, we lack any regression tests that would expose such  
a problem (but fortunately, somebody noticed before we shipped this  
bug in any release).  
  
Fix it to pass down the range's subtype collation property instead,  
and add some regression test cases to exercise collatable-subtype  
ranges a bit more.  Back-patch to all supported branches, as the  
previous patch was.  
  
Report and patch by Julien Rouhaud, test cases tweaked by me  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAOBaU_aBWqNweiGUFX0guzBKkcfJ8mnnyyGC_KBQmO12Mj5f_A@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : 1b78759a62beeb7e777a5ed1518fd840277c9a52    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Fri, 31 Jan 2020 14:41:49 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Fri, 31 Jan 2020 14:41:49 -0500    

If we failed to fork a worker process, or create a communication pipe  
for one, WaitForTerminatingWorkers would suffer an assertion failure  
if assert-enabled, otherwise crash or go into an infinite loop.  This  
was a consequence of not accounting for the startup condition where  
we've not yet forked all the workers.  
  
The original bug was that ParallelBackupStart would set workerStatus to  
WRKR_IDLE before it had successfully forked a worker.  I made things  
worse in commit b7b8cc0cf by not understanding the undocumented fact  
that the WRKR_TERMINATED state was also meant to represent the case  
where a worker hadn't been started yet: I changed enum T_WorkerStatus  
so that *all* the worker slots were initially in WRKR_IDLE state.  But  
this wasn't any more broken in practice, since even one slot in the  
wrong state would keep WaitForTerminatingWorkers from terminating.  
  
In v10 and later, introduce an explicit T_WorkerStatus value for  
worker-not-started, in hopes of preventing future oversights of the  
same ilk.  Before that, just document that WRKR_TERMINATED is supposed  
to cover that case (partly because it wasn't actively broken, and  
partly because the enum is exposed outside parallel.c in those branches,  
so there's microscopically more risk involved in changing it).  
In all branches, introduce a WORKER_IS_RUNNING status test macro  
to hide which T_WorkerStatus values mean that, and be more careful  
not to access ParallelSlot fields till we're sure they're valid.  
  
Per report from Vignesh C, though this is my patch not his.  
Back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALDaNm1Luv-E3sarR+-unz-BjchquHHyfP+YC+2FS2pt_J+wxg@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : 606f350de92a15fdb2c6a3c209f60cf74d2825e7    
  
author   : Fujii Masao <fujii@postgresql.org>    
date     : Fri, 31 Jan 2020 00:46:20 +0900    
  
committer: Fujii Masao <fujii@postgresql.org>    
date     : Fri, 31 Jan 2020 00:46:20 +0900    

Previously, TRUNCATE command through a parent table checked the  
permissions on not only the parent table but also the children tables  
inherited from it. This was a bug and inherited queries should perform  
access permission checks on the parent table only. This commit fixes  
that bug.  
  
Back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Author: Amit Langote  
Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHGQGwFHdSvifhJE+-GSNqUHSfbiKxaeQQ7HGcYz6SC2n_oDcg@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : 0e63d9641bad3f50f91ee8e351051bddabac8d31    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jan 2020 16:15:32 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jan 2020 16:15:32 -0500    

I had supposed that the from_char_seq_search() call sites were  
all passing the constant arrays you'd expect them to pass ...  
but on looking closer, the one for DY format was passing the  
days[] array not days_short[].  This accidentally worked because  
the day abbreviations in English are all the same as the first  
three letters of the full day names.  However, once we took out  
the "maximum comparison length" logic, it stopped working.  
  
As penance for that oversight, add regression test cases covering  
this, as well as every other switch case in DCH_from_char() that  
was not reached according to the code coverage report.  
  
Also, fold the DCH_RM and DCH_rm cases into one --- now that  
seq_search is case independent, there's no need to pass different  
comparison arrays for those cases.  
  
Back-patch, as the previous commit was.  

commit   : a576f2a8f2e8a07b35b66c15477e510baa462dec    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jan 2020 13:42:10 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jan 2020 13:42:10 -0500    

seq_search(), which is used to match input substrings to constants  
such as month and day names, had a lot of bizarre and unnecessary  
behaviors.  It was mostly possible to avert our eyes from that before,  
but we don't want to duplicate those behaviors in the upcoming patch  
to allow recognition of non-English month and day names.  So it's time  
to clean this up.  In particular:  
  
* seq_search scribbled on the input string, which is a pretty dangerous  
thing to do, especially in the badly underdocumented way it was done here.  
Fortunately the input string is a temporary copy, but that was being made  
three subroutine levels away, making it something easy to break  
accidentally.  The behavior is externally visible nonetheless, in the form  
of odd case-folding in error reports about unrecognized month/day names.  
The scribbling is evidently being done to save a few calls to pg_tolower,  
but that's such a cheap function (at least for ASCII data) that it's  
pretty pointless to worry about.  In HEAD I switched it to be  
pg_ascii_tolower to ensure it is cheap in all cases; but there are corner  
cases in Turkish where this'd change behavior, so leave it as pg_tolower  
in the back branches.  
  
* seq_search insisted on knowing the case form (all-upper, all-lower,  
or initcap) of the constant strings, so that it didn't have to case-fold  
them to perform case-insensitive comparisons.  This likewise seems like  
excessive micro-optimization, given that pg_tolower is certainly very  
cheap for ASCII data.  It seems unsafe to assume that we know the case  
form that will come out of pg_locale.c for localized month/day names, so  
it's better just to define the comparison rule as "downcase all strings  
before comparing".  (The choice between downcasing and upcasing is  
arbitrary so far as English is concerned, but it might not be in other  
locales, so follow citext's lead here.)  
  
* seq_search also had a parameter that'd cause it to report a match  
after a maximum number of characters, even if the constant string were  
longer than that.  This was not actually used because no caller passed  
a value small enough to cut off a comparison.  Replicating that behavior  
for localized month/day names seems expensive as well as useless, so  
let's get rid of that too.  
  
* from_char_seq_search used the maximum-length parameter to truncate  
the input string in error reports about not finding a matching name.  
This leads to rather confusing reports in many cases.  Worse, it is  
outright dangerous if the input string isn't all-ASCII, because we  
risk truncating the string in the middle of a multibyte character.  
That'd lead either to delivering an illegible error message to the  
client, or to encoding-conversion failures that obscure the actual  
data problem.  Get rid of that in favor of truncating at whitespace  
if any (a suggestion due to Alvaro Herrera).  
  
In addition to fixing these things, I const-ified the input string  
pointers of DCH_from_char and its subroutines, to make sure there  
aren't any other scribbling-on-input problems.  
  
The risk of generating a badly-encoded error message seems like  
enough of a bug to justify back-patching, so patch all supported  
branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/29432.1579731087@sss.pgh.pa.us  

commit   : c39f455981770aa707f05d8e338b233e96730e47    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Wed, 22 Jan 2020 09:49:44 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Wed, 22 Jan 2020 09:49:44 +0900    

Attempting to use CREATE INDEX, DROP INDEX or REINDEX with CONCURRENTLY  
on a temporary relation with ON COMMIT actions triggered unexpected  
errors because those operations use multiple transactions internally to  
complete their work.  Here is for example one confusing error when using  
ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS:  
ERROR:  index "foo" already contains data  
  
Issues related to temporary relations and concurrent indexing are fixed  
in this commit by enforcing the non-concurrent path to be taken for  
temporary relations even if using CONCURRENTLY, transparently to the  
user.  Using a non-concurrent path does not matter in practice as locks  
cannot be taken on a temporary relation by a session different than the  
one owning the relation, and the non-concurrent operation is more  
effective.  
  
The problem exists with REINDEX since v12 with the introduction of  
CONCURRENTLY, and with CREATE/DROP INDEX since CONCURRENTLY exists for  
those commands.  In all supported versions, this caused only confusing  
error messages to be generated.  Note that with REINDEX, it was also  
possible to issue a REINDEX CONCURRENTLY for a temporary relation owned  
by a different session, leading to a server crash.  
  
The idea to enforce transparently the non-concurrent code path for  
temporary relations comes originally from Andres Freund.  
  
Reported-by: Manuel Rigger  
Author: Michael Paquier, Heikki Linnakangas  
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund, Álvaro Herrera, Heikki Linnakangas  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+u7OA6gP7YAeCguyseusYcc=uR8+ypjCcgDDCTzjQ+k6S9ksQ@mail.gmail.com  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  

commit   : f651976d94bfd6fd19c3b27e9649f166030923bd    
  
author   : Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>    
date     : Mon, 20 Jan 2020 23:26:51 -0800    
  
committer: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>    
date     : Mon, 20 Jan 2020 23:26:51 -0800    

The code checking whether an aggregate transition value needs to be  
reparented into the current context has always only compared the  
transition return value with the previous transition value by datum,  
i.e. without regard for NULLness.  This normally works, because when  
the transition function returns NULL (via fcinfo->isnull), it'll  
return a value that won't be the same as its input value.  
  
But there's no hard requirement that that's the case. And it turns  
out, it's possible to hit this case (see discussion or reproducers),  
leading to a non-null transition value not being reparented, followed  
by a crash caused by that.  
  
Instead of adding another comparison of NULLness, instead have  
ExecAggTransReparent() ensure that pergroup->transValue ends up as 0  
when the new transition value is NULL. That avoids having to add an  
additional branch to the much more common cases of the transition  
function returning the old transition value (which is a pointer in  
this case), and when the new value is different, but not NULL.  
  
In branches since 69c3936a149, also deduplicate the reparenting code  
between the expression evaluation based transitions, and the path for  
ordered aggregates.  
  
Reported-By: Teodor Sigaev, Nikita Glukhov  
Author: Andres Freund  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/bd34e930-cfec-ea9b-3827-a8bc50891393@sigaev.ru  
Backpatch: 9.4-, this issue has existed since at least 7.4  

commit   : 4a49149b9d74d2f9479cb73227e9646c901c84e6    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Tue, 21 Jan 2020 13:47:13 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Tue, 21 Jan 2020 13:47:13 +0900    

This helps integration of extensions with Windows.  The following  
parameters are changed:  
- idle_in_transaction_session_timeout (9.6 and newer versions)  
- lock_timeout  
- statement_timeout  
- track_activities  
- track_counts  
- track_functions  
  
Author: Pascal Legrand  
Reviewed-by: Amit Kamila, Julien Rouhaud, Michael Paquier  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/1579298868581-0.post@n3.nabble.com  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  

commit   : b1392a9502016fcd3c93ba18ab418e11424b711e    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 20 Jan 2020 12:57:17 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 20 Jan 2020 12:57:17 -0500    

sigTermHandler() tried to be careful to invoke only operations that  
are safe to do in a signal handler.  But for some reason we forgot  
that exit(3) is not among those, because it calls atexit handlers  
that might do various random things.  (pg_dump itself installs no  
atexit handlers, but e.g. OpenSSL does.)  That led to crashes or  
lockups when attempting to terminate a parallel dump or restore  
via a signal.  
  
Fix by calling _exit() instead.  
  
Per bug #16199 from Raúl Marín.  Back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16199-cb2f121146a96f9b@postgresql.org  

commit   : 98f0d283774b68895bc41413d7dd9c19e5608231    
  
author   : Heikki Linnakangas <heikki.linnakangas@iki.fi>    
date     : Mon, 20 Jan 2020 10:36:35 +0200    
  
committer: Heikki Linnakangas <heikki.linnakangas@iki.fi>    
date     : Mon, 20 Jan 2020 10:36:35 +0200    

The BRIN add_value() and union() functions need to make a longer-lived  
copy of the argument, if they want to store it in the BrinValues struct  
also passed as argument. The functions for the "inclusion operator  
classes" used with box, range and inet types didn't take into account  
that the union helper function might return its argument as is, without  
making a copy. Check for that case, and make a copy if necessary. That  
case arises at least with the range_union() function, when one of the  
arguments is an 'empty' range:  
  
CREATE TABLE brintest (n numrange);  
CREATE INDEX brinidx ON brintest USING brin (n);  
INSERT INTO brintest VALUES ('empty');  
INSERT INTO brintest VALUES (numrange(0, 2^1000::numeric));  
INSERT INTO brintest VALUES ('(-1, 0)');  
  
SELECT brin_desummarize_range('brinidx', 0);  
SELECT brin_summarize_range('brinidx', 0);  
  
Backpatch down to 9.5, where BRIN was introduced.  
  
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/e6e1d6eb-0a67-36aa-e779-bcca59167c14%40iki.fi  
Reviewed-by: Emre Hasegeli, Tom Lane, Alvaro Herrera  

commit   : 3964722780d811430521b6051bc350ead03fb708    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Fri, 17 Jan 2020 16:17:18 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Fri, 17 Jan 2020 16:17:18 -0500    

Commit 9b63c13f0 turns out to have been fundamentally misguided:  
the parent node's subPlan list is by no means the only way in which  
a child SubPlan node can be hooked into the outer execution state.  
As shown in bug #16213 from Matt Jibson, we can also get short-lived  
tuple table slots added to the outer es_tupleTable list.  At this point  
I have little faith that there aren't other possible connections as  
well; the long time it took to notice this problem shows that this  
isn't a heavily-exercised situation.  
  
Therefore, revert that fix, returning to the coding that passed a  
NULL parent plan pointer down to the transiently-built subexpressions.  
That gives us a pretty good guarantee that they won't hook into the  
outer executor state in any way.  But then we need some other solution  
to make SubPlans work.  Adopt the solution speculated about in the  
previous commit's log message: do expression initialization at plan  
startup for just those VALUES rows containing SubPlans, abandoning the  
goal of reclaiming memory intra-query for those rows.  In practice it  
seems unlikely that queries containing a vast number of VALUES rows  
would be using SubPlans in them, so this should not give up much.  
  
(BTW, this test case also refutes my claim in connection with the prior  
commit that the issue only arises with use of LATERAL.  That was just  
wrong: some variants of SubLink always produce SubPlans.)  
  
As with previous patch, back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16213-871ac3bc208ecf23@postgresql.org  

commit   : 58997ace5b372cc137770292f462d5b8854c832d    
  
author   : Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>    
date     : Fri, 17 Jan 2020 18:00:39 -0300    
  
committer: Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@alvh.no-ip.org>    
date     : Fri, 17 Jan 2020 18:00:39 -0300    

... specifically, set it incrementally as each individual change is  
spilled down to disk.  This way, it is set correctly when the  
transaction disappears without trace, ie. without leaving an XACT_ABORT  
wal record.  (This happens when the server crashes midway through a  
transaction.)  
  
Failing to have final_lsn prevents ReorderBufferRestoreCleanup() from  
working, since it needs the final_lsn in order to know the endpoint of  
its iteration through spilled files.  
  
Commit df9f682c7bf8 already tried to fix the problem, but it didn't set  
the final_lsn in all cases.  Revert that, since it's no longer needed.  
  
Author: Vignesh C  
Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila, Dilip Kumar  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALDaNm2CLk+K9JDwjYST0sPbGg5AQdvhUt0jbKyX_HdAE0jk3A@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : bb09a9414f1e149aac6064d217b5d5cab8f13723    
  
author   : Dean Rasheed <dean.a.rasheed@gmail.com>    
date     : Tue, 14 Jan 2020 09:48:44 +0000    
  
committer: Dean Rasheed <dean.a.rasheed@gmail.com>    
date     : Tue, 14 Jan 2020 09:48:44 +0000    

A view with conditional INSTEAD rules and no unconditional INSTEAD  
rules or INSTEAD OF triggers is not auto-updatable. Previously we  
relied on a check in the executor to catch this, but that's  
problematic since the planner may fail to properly handle such a query  
and thus return a particularly unhelpful error to the user, before  
reaching the executor check.  
  
Instead, trap this in the rewriter and report the correct error there.  
Doing so also allows us to include more useful error detail than the  
executor check can provide. This doesn't change the existing behaviour  
of updatable views; it merely ensures that useful error messages are  
reported when a view isn't updatable.  
  
Per report from Pengzhou Tang, though not adopting that suggested fix.  
Back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAG4reAQn+4xB6xHJqWdtE0ve_WqJkdyCV4P=trYr4Kn8_3_PEA@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : 784c58da1957cecdea037428ce08953b852be85b    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sun, 12 Jan 2020 14:37:00 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sun, 12 Jan 2020 14:37:00 -0500    

When estimating the selectivity of "range_var <@ range_constant" or  
"range_var @> range_constant", if the upper (or respectively lower)  
bound of the range_constant was above the last bin of the range_var's  
histogram, the code would access uninitialized memory and potentially  
crash (though it seems the probability of a crash is quite low).  
Handle the endpoint cases explicitly to fix that.  
  
While at it, be more paranoid about the possibility of getting NaN  
or other silly results from the range type's subdiff function.  
And improve some comments.  
  
Ordinarily we'd probably add a regression test case demonstrating  
the bug in unpatched code.  But it's too hard to get it to crash  
reliably because of the uninitialized-memory dependence, so skip that.  
  
Per bug #16122 from Adam Scott.  It's been broken from the beginning,  
apparently, so backpatch to all supported branches.  
  
Diagnosis by Michael Paquier, patch by Andrey Borodin and Tom Lane.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16122-eb35bc248c806c15@postgresql.org  

commit   : 8d55879f089563cf1d62266d921c0a00d2b9fff8    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Fri, 10 Jan 2020 09:37:38 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Fri, 10 Jan 2020 09:37:38 +0900    

Reported-by: Tham Nguyen  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/157851402876.29175.12977878383183540468@wrigleys.postgresql.org  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  

commit   : 86949c2f120792a6cfcafee1f30cf4231085b6d8    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Wed, 8 Jan 2020 10:36:46 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Wed, 8 Jan 2020 10:36:46 +0900    

This reverts commit a052f6c, following complains from Robert Haas and  
Tom Lane.  Backpatch down to 9.4, like the previous commit.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmobL4npEX5=E5h=5Jm_9mZun3MT39Kq2suJFVeamc9skSQ@mail.gmail.com  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  

commit   : a6f4f407ada026007d37ab9d494bb6380ec12527    
  
author   : Amit Kapila <akapila@postgresql.org>    
date     : Thu, 2 Jan 2020 12:28:02 +0530    
  
committer: Amit Kapila <akapila@postgresql.org>    
date     : Thu, 2 Jan 2020 12:28:02 +0530    

Currently while decoding changes, if the number of changes exceeds a  
certain threshold, we spill those to disk.  And this happens for each  
(sub)transaction.  Now, while reading all these files, we don't close them  
until we read all the files.  While reading these files, if the number of  
such files exceeds the maximum number of file descriptors, the operation  
errors out.  
  
Use PathNameOpenFile interface to open these files as that internally has  
the mechanism to release kernel FDs as needed to get us under the  
max_safe_fds limit.  
  
Reported-by: Amit Khandekar  
Author: Amit Khandekar  
Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAJ3gD9c-sECEn79zXw4yBnBdOttacoE-6gAyP0oy60nfs_sabQ@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : 78b381c5ddadb25e915ee4f380c28a676851998c    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>    
date     : Wed, 1 Jan 2020 12:21:44 -0500    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>    
date     : Wed, 1 Jan 2020 12:21:44 -0500    

Backpatch-through: update all files in master, backpatch legal files through 9.4  

commit   : 937cf1b09146ef91195780f747900cf69e8d0fd8    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>    
date     : Fri, 27 Dec 2019 14:49:08 -0500    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>    
date     : Fri, 27 Dec 2019 14:49:08 -0500    

Unique expression indexes can constrain data in creative ways, so show  
two examples.  
  
Reported-by: Tuomas Leikola  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/156760275564.1127.12321702656456074572@wrigleys.postgresql.org  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  

commit   : ebd3c132f5304f351e43e34a4565233e2587154f    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>    
date     : Fri, 27 Dec 2019 14:33:30 -0500    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>    
date     : Fri, 27 Dec 2019 14:33:30 -0500    

The previous docs referenced these distinct ideas confusingly.  
  
Reported-by: Eugen Konkov  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/376945611.20191026161529@yandex.ru  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  

commit   : 12cb5478a2a451fd291a535b8b1b387b3a81914a    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Fri, 27 Dec 2019 17:59:32 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz>    
date     : Fri, 27 Dec 2019 17:59:32 +0900    

This operation was possible for the owner of the schema or a superuser.  
Down to 9.4, doing this operation would cause inconsistencies in a  
session whose temporary schema was dropped, particularly if trying to  
create new temporary objects after the drop.  A more annoying  
consequence is a crash of autovacuum on an assertion failure when  
logging information about an orphaned temp table dropped.  Note that  
because of 246a6c8 (present in v11~), which has made the removal of  
orphaned temporary tables more aggressive, the failure could be  
triggered more easily, but it is possible to reproduce down to 9.4.  
  
Reported-by: Mahendra Singh, Prabhat Sahu  
Author: Michael Paquier  
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi, Mahendra Singh  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAKYtNAr9Zq=1-ww4etHo-VCC-k120YxZy5OS01VkaLPaDbv2tg@mail.gmail.com  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  

commit   : 893eaf0be8be32f1d6ee364d5d9e2dae0d87ebfd    
  
author   : Thomas Munro <tmunro@postgresql.org>    
date     : Tue, 24 Dec 2019 11:31:24 +1300    
  
committer: Thomas Munro <tmunro@postgresql.org>    
date     : Tue, 24 Dec 2019 11:31:24 +1300    

Our algorithm for choosing batch numbers turned out not to work  
effectively for multi-billion key inner relations.  We would use  
more hash bits than we have, and effectively concentrate all tuples  
into a smaller number of batches than we intended.  While ideally  
we should switch to wider hashes, for now, change the algorithm to  
one that effectively gives up bits from the bucket number when we  
don't have enough bits.  That means we'll finish up with longer  
bucket chains than would be ideal, but that's better than having  
batches that don't fit in work_mem and can't be divided.  
  
Batch-patch to all supported releases.  
  
Author: Thomas Munro  
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane, thanks also to Tomas Vondra, Alvaro Herrera, Andres Freund for testing and discussion  
Reported-by: James Coleman  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16104-dc11ed911f1ab9df%40postgresql.org  

commit   : 70fc6c4ef3c3790284796db3935d6f2d040b60bd    
  
author   : Joe Conway <mail@joeconway.com>    
date     : Mon, 23 Dec 2019 13:34:05 -0500    
  
committer: Joe Conway <mail@joeconway.com>    
date     : Mon, 23 Dec 2019 13:34:05 -0500    

While building a hash map of categories in load_categories_hash,  
resulting category names have not thus far been checked to ensure  
they are not null. Prior to pg12 null category names worked to the  
extent that they did not crash on some platforms. This is because  
those system libraries have an snprintf which can deal with being  
passed a null pointer argument for a string. But even in those cases  
null categories did nothing useful. And on some platforms it crashed.  
As of pg12, our own version of snprintf gets called, and it does  
not deal with null pointer arguments at all, and crashes consistently.  
  
Fix that by disallowing null categories. They never worked usefully,  
and no one has ever asked for them to work previously. Back-patch to  
all supported branches.  
  
Reported-By: Ireneusz Pluta  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16176-7489719b05e4303c@postgresql.org  

commit   : 6609c3ad984bde125ff6ec4e3e056a5b23f68210    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 23 Dec 2019 12:08:24 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 23 Dec 2019 12:08:24 -0500    

We probably should have thought of this case when ranges were added,  
but we didn't.  (It's not the fault of commit eb51af71f, because  
ranges didn't exist then.)  
  
It's an old bug, so back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/7782.1577051475@sss.pgh.pa.us  

commit   : 365052abbc114a4269405bd7ac97b4b86dcfdca7    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sun, 22 Dec 2019 18:00:18 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sun, 22 Dec 2019 18:00:18 -0500    

If the first transaction block in these tests were entered exactly  
at midnight (California time), they'd report a bogus failure due  
to 'now' and 'midnight' having the same values.  Commit 8c2ac75c5  
had dismissed this as being of negligible probability, but we've  
now seen it happen in the buildfarm, so let's prevent it.  We can  
get pretty much the same test coverage without an it's-not-midnight  
assumption by moving the does-'now'-work cases into their own test step.  
  
While here, apply commit 47169c255's s/DELETE/TRUNCATE/ change to  
timestamptz as well as timestamp (not sure why that didn't  
occur to me at the time; the risk of failure is the same).  
  
Back-patch to all supported branches, since the main point is  
to get rid of potential buildfarm failures.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/14821.1577031117@sss.pgh.pa.us  

commit   : 35b28d98335e704a8f3fffb241e837daec95533a    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sat, 21 Dec 2019 17:39:37 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sat, 21 Dec 2019 17:39:37 -0500    

This fixes a performance problem introduced by commit 6d7547c21.  
ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED is returned in some other cases besides the  
delete-pending case considered by that commit; notably, if the  
given path names a directory instead of a plain file.  In that  
case we'll uselessly loop for 1 second before returning the  
failure condition.  That slows down some usage scenarios enough  
to cause test timeout failures on our Windows buildfarm critters.  
  
To fix, try to stat() the file, and sleep/loop only if that fails.  
It will fail in the delete-pending case, and also in the case where  
the deletion completed before we could stat(), so we have the cases  
where we want to loop covered.  In the directory case, the stat()  
should succeed, letting us exit without a wait.  
  
One case where we'll still wait uselessly is if the access-denied  
problem pertains to a directory in the given pathname.  But we don't  
expect that to happen in any performance-critical code path.  
  
There might be room to refine this further, but I'll push it now  
in hopes of making the buildfarm green again.  
  
Back-patch, like the preceding commit.  
  
Alexander Lakhin and Tom Lane  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/23073.1576626626@sss.pgh.pa.us  

commit   : dd4c4eaab724835f4553656efb6451b79ffbb9e1    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>    
date     : Sat, 21 Dec 2019 12:44:38 -0500    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>    
date     : Sat, 21 Dec 2019 12:44:38 -0500    

Previously it was unclear how COPY FROM handled cases where not all  
columns were specified, or if the order didn't match.  
  
Reported-by: pavlo.golub@gmail.com  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/157487729344.7213.14245726713444755296@wrigleys.postgresql.org  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  

commit   : 5e22a111185ccf5fe1d84b980d947b5427a50e64    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Fri, 20 Dec 2019 15:34:08 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Fri, 20 Dec 2019 15:34:08 -0500    

We realized years ago that it's better for libpq to accept all  
connection parameters syntactically, even if some are ignored or  
restricted due to lack of the feature in a particular build.  
However, that lesson from the SSL support was for some reason never  
applied to the GSSAPI support.  This is causing various buildfarm  
members to have problems with a test case added by commit 6136e94dc,  
and it's just a bad idea from a user-experience standpoint anyway,  
so fix it.  
  
While at it, fix some places where parameter-related infrastructure  
was added with the aid of a dartboard, or perhaps with the aid of  
the anti-pattern "add new stuff at the end".  It should be safe  
to rearrange the contents of struct pg_conn even in released  
branches, since that's private to libpq (and we'd have to move  
some fields in some builds to fix this, anyway).  
  
Back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/11297.1576868677@sss.pgh.pa.us  

commit   : da5dd421833b2cd074cb752dd8ecfbe6a4735a4f    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Tue, 17 Dec 2019 17:44:28 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Tue, 17 Dec 2019 17:44:28 -0500    

If CheckAttributeType() threw an error about the datatype of an  
index expression column, it would report an empty column name,  
which is pretty unhelpful and certainly not the intended behavior.  
I (tgl) evidently broke this in commit cfc5008a5, by not noticing  
that the column's attname was used above where I'd placed the  
assignment of it.  
  
In HEAD and v12, this is trivially fixable by moving up the  
assignment of attname.  Before v12 the code is a bit more messy;  
to avoid doing substantial refactoring, I took the lazy way out  
and just put in two copies of the assignment code.  
  
Report and patch by Amit Langote.  Back-patch to all supported  
branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqFA+BGyBFimjiYXXMa2Hc3fcL0+OJOyzUNjhU4NCa_XXw@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : cd03803512bf9484d2a045bf877a8ddc2cb47059    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 16 Dec 2019 15:10:55 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 16 Dec 2019 15:10:55 -0500    

Attempting to open a file fails with ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED if the file  
is flagged for deletion but not yet actually gone (another in a long  
list of reasons why Windows is broken, if you ask me).  This seems  
likely to explain a lot of irreproducible failures we see in the  
buildfarm.  This state generally persists for only a millisecond or so,  
so just wait a bit and retry.  If it's a real permissions problem,  
we'll eventually give up and report it as such.  If it's the pending  
deletion case, we'll see file-not-found and report that after the  
deletion completes, and the caller will treat that in an appropriate  
way.  
  
In passing, rejigger the existing retry logic for some other error  
cases so that we don't uselessly wait an extra time when we're  
not going to retry anymore.  
  
Alexander Lakhin (with cosmetic tweaks by me).  Back-patch to all  
supported branches, since this seems like a pretty safe change and  
the problem is definitely real.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16161-7a985d2f1bbe8f71@postgresql.org  

commit   : 323c47925af9e53c4c0476553e3e13a86f3d8173    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Thu, 12 Dec 2019 12:30:44 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Thu, 12 Dec 2019 12:30:44 -0500    

The test cases added by commit 26ae3aa80 exposed an old oversight in  
timestamp[tz]_part: they didn't correct the result of date2isoyear()  
for BC years, so that we produced an off-by-one answer for such years.  
Fix that, and back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/SG2PR06MB37762CAE45DB0F6CA7001EA9B6550@SG2PR06MB3776.apcprd06.prod.outlook.com  

commit   : e284e0e2f9da268754ee0deb814b5a7310db0d0e    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Thu, 12 Dec 2019 12:12:36 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Thu, 12 Dec 2019 12:12:36 -0500    

The DTK_DOW/DTK_ISODOW and DTK_DOY switch cases in timestamp_part() and  
timestamptz_part() contained calls of timestamp2tm() that were fully  
redundant with the ones done just above the switch.  This evidently crept  
in during commit 258ee1b63, which relocated that code from another place  
where the calls were indeed needed.  Just delete the redundant calls.  
  
I (tgl) noted that our test coverage of these functions left quite a  
bit to be desired, so extend timestamp.sql and timestamptz.sql to  
cover all the branches.  
  
Back-patch to all supported branches, as the previous commit was.  
There's no real issue here other than some wasted cycles in some  
not-too-heavily-used code paths, but the test coverage seems valuable.  
  
Report and patch by Li Japin; test case adjustments by me.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/SG2PR06MB37762CAE45DB0F6CA7001EA9B6550@SG2PR06MB3776.apcprd06.prod.outlook.com  

commit   : 6bf23e8c6e066fb7554b9076355afdfc103ad134    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Wed, 11 Dec 2019 15:53:36 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Wed, 11 Dec 2019 15:53:36 -0500    

Back-patch commits 36d442a25 and 1f66c657f into all supported  
branches.  I'd considered doing this when putting in the latter  
commit, but failed to pull the trigger.  Now that we've had an  
actual field complaint about the lack of such docs, let's do it.  
  
Per bug #16158 from Piotr Jander.  Original patches by Lætitia Avrot,  
Patrick Francelle, and me.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16158-7ccf2f74b3d655db@postgresql.org  

commit   : 1a0c65120137786bb2667cb935954b2982d5d96f    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 9 Dec 2019 15:03:52 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Mon, 9 Dec 2019 15:03:52 -0500    

pg_signal_dispatch_thread() responded to the client (signal sender)  
and disconnected the pipe before actually setting the shared variables  
that make the signal visible to the backend process's main thread.  
In the worst case, it seems, effective delivery of the signal could be  
postponed for as long as the machine has any other work to do.  
  
To fix, just move the pg_queue_signal() call so that we do it before  
responding to the client.  This essentially makes pgkill() synchronous,  
which is a stronger guarantee than we have on Unix.  That may be  
overkill, but on the other hand we have not seen comparable timing bugs  
on any Unix platform.  
  
While at it, add some comments to this sadly underdocumented code.  
  
Problem diagnosis and fix by Amit Kapila; I just added the comments.  
  
Back-patch to all supported versions, as it appears that this can cause  
visible NOTIFY timing oddities on all of them, and there might be  
other misbehavior due to slow delivery of other signals.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/32745.1575303812@sss.pgh.pa.us  

commit   : 3056258149c1aea7341a4d81bd502e1a1c8198a6    
  
author   : Noah Misch <noah@leadboat.com>    
date     : Sun, 8 Dec 2019 11:06:26 -0800    
  
committer: Noah Misch <noah@leadboat.com>    
date     : Sun, 8 Dec 2019 11:06:26 -0800    

Commit 5770172cb0c9df9e6ce27c507b449557e5b45124 wrote, incorrectly, that  
certain schema usage patterns are secure against CREATEROLE users and  
database owners.  When an untrusted user is the database owner or holds  
CREATEROLE privilege, a query is secure only if its session started with  
SELECT pg_catalog.set_config('search_path', '', false) or equivalent.  
Back-patch to 9.4 (all supported versions).  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20191013013512.GC4131753@rfd.leadboat.com  

commit   : a2fdeb7863a684b661b0fcbaf90f00595be11bd0    
  
author   : Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@postgresql.org>    
date     : Tue, 3 Dec 2019 16:55:51 +0100    
  
committer: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@postgresql.org>    
date     : Tue, 3 Dec 2019 16:55:51 +0100    

The dict_int text search dictionary template accepts maxlen parameter,  
which is then used to cap the length of input strings. The value was  
not properly checked, and the code simply does  
  
    txt[d->maxlen] = '\0';  
  
to insert a terminator, leading to segfaults with negative values.  
  
This commit simply rejects values less than 1. The issue was there since  
dct_int was introduced in 9.3, so backpatch all the way back to 9.4  
which is the oldest supported version.  
  
Reported-by: cili  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16144-a36a5bef7657047d@postgresql.org  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  

commit   : cfffa8a6b22d8813c30fd524affc07c0c580ea58    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sun, 1 Dec 2019 13:09:27 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sun, 1 Dec 2019 13:09:27 -0500    

We implement ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS by truncating tables marked that  
way, which requires also truncating/rebuilding their indexes.  But  
RelationTruncateIndexes asks the relcache for up-to-date copies of any  
index expressions, which may cause execution of eval_const_expressions  
on them, which can result in actual execution of subexpressions.  
This is a bad thing to have happening during ON COMMIT.  Manuel Rigger  
reported that use of a SQL function resulted in crashes due to  
expectations that ActiveSnapshot would be set, which it isn't.  
The most obvious fix perhaps would be to push a snapshot during  
PreCommit_on_commit_actions, but I think that would just open the door  
to more problems: CommitTransaction explicitly expects that no  
user-defined code can be running at this point.  
  
Fortunately, since we know that no tuples exist to be indexed, there  
seems no need to use the real index expressions or predicates during  
RelationTruncateIndexes.  We can set up dummy index expressions  
instead (we do need something that will expose the right data type,  
as there are places that build index tupdescs based on this), and  
just ignore predicates and exclusion constraints.  
  
In a green field it'd likely be better to reimplement ON COMMIT DELETE  
ROWS using the same "init fork" infrastructure used for unlogged  
relations.  That seems impractical without catalog changes though,  
and even without that it'd be too big a change to back-patch.  
So for now do it like this.  
  
Per private report from Manuel Rigger.  This has been broken forever,  
so back-patch to all supported branches.  

commit   : a17602de18f7ff7821054b3b7f51eadf9fb59d62    
  
author   : Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@postgresql.org>    
date     : Sat, 30 Nov 2019 14:51:27 +0100    
  
committer: Tomas Vondra <tomas.vondra@postgresql.org>    
date     : Sat, 30 Nov 2019 14:51:27 +0100    

When using %b or %B patterns to format a date, the code was simply using  
tm_mon as an index into array of month names. But that is wrong, because  
tm_mon is 1-based, while array indexes are 0-based. The result is we  
either use name of the next month, or a segfault (for December).  
  
Fix by subtracting 1 from tm_mon for both patterns, and add a regression  
test triggering the issue. Backpatch to all supported versions (the bug  
is there far longer, since at least 2003).  
  
Reported-by: Paul Spencer  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16143-0d861eb8688d3fef%40postgresql.org  

commit   : 5f55e4c061d376304f979fef0f9aebae94e286bf    
  
author   : Etsuro Fujita <efujita@postgresql.org>    
date     : Wed, 27 Nov 2019 16:00:53 +0900    
  
committer: Etsuro Fujita <efujita@postgresql.org>    
date     : Wed, 27 Nov 2019 16:00:53 +0900    

commit   : 864e8080e19007ed3377d679447d2fc06f148bc8    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sun, 24 Nov 2019 15:57:32 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sun, 24 Nov 2019 15:57:32 -0500    

If LISTEN is the only action in a serializable-mode transaction,  
and the session was not previously listening, and the notify queue  
is not empty, predicate.c reported an assertion failure.  That  
happened because we'd acquire the transaction's initial snapshot  
during PreCommit_Notify, which was called *after* predicate.c  
expects any such snapshot to have been established.  
  
To fix, just swap the order of the PreCommit_Notify and  
PreCommit_CheckForSerializationFailure calls during CommitTransaction.  
This will imply holding the notify-insertion lock slightly longer,  
but the difference could only be meaningful in serializable mode,  
which is an expensive option anyway.  
  
It appears that this is just an assertion failure, with no  
consequences in non-assert builds.  A snapshot used only to scan  
the notify queue could not have been involved in any serialization  
conflicts, so there would be nothing for  
PreCommit_CheckForSerializationFailure to do except assign it a  
prepareSeqNo and set the SXACT_FLAG_PREPARED flag.  And given no  
conflicts, neither of those omissions affect the behavior of  
ReleasePredicateLocks.  This admittedly once-over-lightly analysis  
is backed up by the lack of field reports of trouble.  
  
Per report from Mark Dilger.  The bug is old, so back-patch to all  
supported branches; but the new test case only goes back to 9.6,  
for lack of adequate isolationtester infrastructure before that.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3ac7f397-4d5f-be8e-f354-440020675694@gmail.com  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/13881.1574557302@sss.pgh.pa.us  

commit   : bcd541897fcf89b60494700f1f15ff70fae5ced7    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Thu, 21 Nov 2019 16:21:44 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Thu, 21 Nov 2019 16:21:44 -0500    

While a self-referential view doesn't actually work, it's possible  
to create one, and it turns out that this breaks some of the  
information_schema views.  Those views call relation_is_updatable(),  
which neglected to consider the hazards of being recursive.  In  
older PG versions you get a "stack depth limit exceeded" error,  
but since v10 it'd recurse to the point of stack overrun and crash,  
because commit a4c35ea1c took out the expression_returns_set() call  
that was incidentally checking the stack depth.  
  
Since this function is only used by information_schema views, it  
seems like it'd be better to return "not updatable" than suffer  
an error.  Hence, add tracking of what views we're examining,  
in just the same way that the nearby fireRIRrules() code detects  
self-referential views.  I added a check_stack_depth() call too,  
just to be defensive.  
  
Per private report from Manuel Rigger.  Back-patch to all  
supported versions.  

commit   : 31d3da740cf888b7d59ab7ea82e329fe536a38d6    
  
author   : Magnus Hagander <magnus@hagander.net>    
date     : Wed, 20 Nov 2019 17:03:07 +0100    
  
committer: Magnus Hagander <magnus@hagander.net>    
date     : Wed, 20 Nov 2019 17:03:07 +0100    

Author: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se>  

commit   : 8165384babd96258ed521c4ea2567c70a1849948    
  
author   : Alexander Korotkov <akorotkov@postgresql.org>    
date     : Tue, 19 Nov 2019 23:11:24 +0300    
  
committer: Alexander Korotkov <akorotkov@postgresql.org>    
date     : Tue, 19 Nov 2019 23:11:24 +0300    

We find GIN concurrency bugs from time to time.  One of the problems here is  
that concurrency of GIN isn't well-documented in README.  So, it might be even  
hard to distinguish design bugs from implementation bugs.  
  
This commit revised concurrency section in GIN README providing more details.  
Some examples are illustrated in ASCII art.  
  
Also, this commit add the explanation of how is tuple layout in internal GIN  
B-tree page different in comparison with nbtree.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPpHfduXR_ywyaVN4%2BOYEGaw%3DcPLzWX6RxYLBncKw8de9vOkqw%40mail.gmail.com  
Author: Alexander Korotkov  
Reviewed-by: Peter Geoghegan  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  

commit   : 4fc4856849deb51c8d8822d79b6f10d571dab4f6    
  
author   : Alexander Korotkov <akorotkov@postgresql.org>    
date     : Tue, 19 Nov 2019 23:08:14 +0300    
  
committer: Alexander Korotkov <akorotkov@postgresql.org>    
date     : Tue, 19 Nov 2019 23:08:14 +0300    

Current GIN code appears to don't handle traversing to the deleted page via  
downlink.  This commit fixes that by stepping right from the delete page like  
we do in nbtree.  
  
This commit also fixes setting 'deleted' flag to the GIN pages.  Now other page  
flags are not erased once page is deleted.  That helps to keep our assertions  
true if we arrive deleted page via downlink.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPpHfdvMvsw-NcE5bRS7R1BbvA4BxoDnVVjkXC5W0Czvy9LVrg%40mail.gmail.com  
Author: Alexander Korotkov  
Reviewed-by: Peter Geoghegan  
Backpatch-through: 9.4  

commit   : 4871270e38e5ab0490b78c37ea7d4ccf3240edce    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Tue, 19 Nov 2019 14:43:37 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Tue, 19 Nov 2019 14:43:37 -0500    

Apparently some people misinterpreted the syntax as being that  
RECURSIVE is a prefix of individual WITH queries.  It's a modifier  
for the WITH clause as a whole, so state that more clearly.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/ca53c6ce-a0c6-b14a-a8e3-162f0b2cc119@a-kretschmer.de  

commit   : de8c2d38fddc4be2a4cd0c5108b428daa5cc781e    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Tue, 19 Nov 2019 14:21:42 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Tue, 19 Nov 2019 14:21:42 -0500    

The existing text stated that "Default privileges that are specified  
per-schema are added to whatever the global default privileges are for  
the particular object type".  However, that bare-bones observation is  
not quite clear enough, as demonstrated by the complaint in bug #16124.  
Flesh it out by stating explicitly that you can't revoke built-in  
default privileges this way, and by providing an example to drive  
the point home.  
  
Back-patch to all supported branches, since it's been like this  
from the beginning.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16124-423d8ee4358421bc@postgresql.org  

commit   : ecb533af623738f49a8bd748e688c7f02c1c0f9f    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sat, 16 Nov 2019 20:00:20 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Sat, 16 Nov 2019 20:00:20 -0500    

It turns out that commit e9f1c01b7 missed a case: we must print a  
VALUES clause in long format if get_query_def is given a resultDesc  
that would require the query's output column name(s) to be different  
from what the bare VALUES clause would produce.  
  
This applies in case an ALTER ... RENAME COLUMN has been done to  
a view that formerly could be printed in simple format, as shown  
in the added regression test case.  It also explains bug #16119  
from Dmitry Telpt, because it turns out that (unlike CREATE VIEW)  
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW fails to apply any column aliases it's  
given to the stored ON SELECT rule.  So to get them to be printed,  
we have to account for the resultDesc renaming.  It might be worth  
changing the matview code so that it creates the ON SELECT rule  
with the correct aliases; but we'd still need these messy checks in  
get_simple_values_rte to handle the case of a subsequent column  
rename, so any such change would be just neatnik-ism not a bug fix.  
  
Like the previous patch, back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16119-e64823f30a45a754@postgresql.org  

commit   : fb26754af4da8bdb25ca3bc8841714c4101c4107    
  
author   : Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Wed, 13 Nov 2019 11:35:37 -0500    
  
committer: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>    
date     : Wed, 13 Nov 2019 11:35:37 -0500    

pg_upgrade needs to check whether certain non-upgradable data types  
appear anywhere on-disk in the source cluster.  It knew that it has  
to check for these types being contained inside domains and composite  
types; but it somehow overlooked that they could be contained in  
arrays and ranges, too.  Extend the existing recursive-containment  
query to handle those cases.  
  
We probably should have noticed this oversight while working on  
commit 0ccfc2822 and follow-ups, but we failed to :-(.  The whole  
thing's possibly a bit overdesigned, since we don't really expect  
that any of these types will appear on disk; but if we're going to  
the effort of doing a recursive search then it's silly not to cover  
all the possibilities.  
  
While at it, refactor so that we have only one copy of the search  
logic, not three-and-counting.  Also, to keep the branches looking  
more alike, back-patch the output wording change of commit 1634d3615.  
  
Back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/31473.1573412838@sss.pgh.pa.us