PostgreSQL 9.6.19 commit log

commit   : 03f5894b35c044f9b261bd00822ae4f009004871    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 10 Aug 2020 17:21:12 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 10 Aug 2020 17:21:12 -0400    

commit   : a7e51a407658c65b3c3458bbbbff6c46a3c182b2    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 10 Aug 2020 15:35:46 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 10 Aug 2020 15:35:46 -0400    

Security: CVE-2020-14349, CVE-2020-14350  

commit   : 2ea8a60fc4d9576c75930f09948a71bddd266d52    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 10 Aug 2020 10:44:43 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 10 Aug 2020 10:44:43 -0400    

Hostile objects located within the installation-time search_path could  
capture references in an extension's installation or upgrade script.  
If the extension is being installed with superuser privileges, this  
opens the door to privilege escalation.  While such hazards have existed  
all along, their urgency increases with the v13 "trusted extensions"  
feature, because that lets a non-superuser control the installation path  
for a superuser-privileged script.  Therefore, make a number of changes  
to make such situations more secure:  
  
* Tweak the construction of the installation-time search_path to ensure  
that references to objects in pg_catalog can't be subverted; and  
explicitly add pg_temp to the end of the path to prevent attacks using  
temporary objects.  
  
* Disable check_function_bodies within installation/upgrade scripts,  
so that any security gaps in SQL-language or PL-language function bodies  
cannot create a risk of unwanted installation-time code execution.  
  
* Adjust lookup of type input/receive functions and join estimator  
functions to complain if there are multiple candidate functions.  This  
prevents capture of references to functions whose signature is not the  
first one checked; and it's arguably more user-friendly anyway.  
  
* Modify various contrib upgrade scripts to ensure that catalog  
modification queries are executed with secure search paths.  (These  
are in-place modifications with no extension version changes, since  
it is the update process itself that is at issue, not the end result.)  
  
Extensions that depend on other extensions cannot be made fully secure  
by these methods alone; therefore, revert the "trusted" marking that  
commit eb67623c9 applied to earthdistance and hstore_plperl, pending  
some better solution to that set of issues.  
  
Also add documentation around these issues, to help extension authors  
write secure installation scripts.  
  
Patch by me, following an observation by Andres Freund; thanks  
to Noah Misch for review.  
  
Security: CVE-2020-14350  

commit   : 145d2970483c66190b353b3826c293f39642665b    
  
author   : Peter Eisentraut <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 10 Aug 2020 15:34:18 +0200    
  
committer: Peter Eisentraut <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 10 Aug 2020 15:34:18 +0200    

Source-Git-URL: https://git.postgresql.org/git/pgtranslation/messages.git  
Source-Git-Hash: f7a31187f2c0d0988e21cb6f3d788957c5d59fd8  

commit   : 105dbff8755b35f88eafcbb48d2a3247abf54aa7    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Sun, 9 Aug 2020 12:39:08 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Sun, 9 Aug 2020 12:39:08 -0400    

Coverity pointed out, not unreasonably, that we checked fseeko's  
result at every other call site but these.  Failure to seek in the  
temp file (note this is NOT pg_dump's output file) seems quite  
unlikely, and even if it did happen the file length cross-check  
further down would probably detect the problem.  Still, that's a  
poor excuse for not checking the result of a system call.  

commit   : 011aa7c0bc85f9cf47b2d58ef3baff1120403aa8    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Sat, 8 Aug 2020 20:01:41 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Sat, 8 Aug 2020 20:01:41 -0400    

commit   : 55d42c9178306f4f92ac4ed0a924b2e3b914a5b1    
  
author   : Alvaro Herrera <[email protected]>    
date     : Sat, 8 Aug 2020 12:31:55 -0400    
  
committer: Alvaro Herrera <[email protected]>    
date     : Sat, 8 Aug 2020 12:31:55 -0400    

Ashutosh Bapat noticed that when logical walsender needs to wait for  
WAL, and it realizes that it must send a keepalive message to  
walreceiver to update the sent-LSN, which *does not* request a reply  
from walreceiver, it wrongly sets the flag that it's going to wait for  
that reply.  That means that any future would-be sender of feedback  
messages ends up not sending a feedback message, because they all  
believe that a reply is expected.  
  
With built-in logical replication there's not much harm in this, because  
WalReceiverMain will send a ping-back every wal_receiver_timeout/2  
anyway; but with other logical replication systems (e.g. pglogical) it  
can cause significant pain.  
  
This problem was introduced in commit 41d5f8ad734, where the  
request-reply flag was changed from true to false to WalSndKeepalive,  
without at the same time removing the line that sets  
waiting_for_ping_response.  
  
Just removing that line would be a sufficient fix, but it seems better  
to shift the responsibility of setting the flag to WalSndKeepalive  
itself instead of requiring caller to do it; this is clearly less  
error-prone.  
  
Author: Álvaro Herrera <[email protected]>  
Reported-by: Ashutosh Bapat <[email protected]>  
Backpatch: 9.5 and up  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : d06c96185c427e34be8cfe7513e2195842423ea2    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 5 Aug 2020 17:12:09 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 5 Aug 2020 17:12:09 -0400    

Reported-by: Vyacheslav Shablistyy  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 1fac10d9fd8d836079ef66eec24cdcbf5979e68e    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 4 Aug 2020 15:20:31 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 4 Aug 2020 15:20:31 -0400    

A couple of test cases had connect_timeout=14, a value that seems  
to have been plucked from a hat.  While it's more than sufficient  
for normal cases, slow/overloaded buildfarm machines can get a timeout  
failure here, as per recent report from "sungazer".  Increase to 180  
seconds, which is in line with our typical timeouts elsewhere in  
the regression tests.  
  
Back-patch to 9.6; the code looks different in 9.5, and this doesn't  
seem to be quite worth the effort to adapt to that.  
  
Report: https://buildfarm.postgresql.org/cgi-bin/show_log.pl?nm=sungazer&dt=2020-08-04%2007%3A12%3A22  

commit   : 4399909af869769c825fec7cae3ff834383f0c93    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 3 Aug 2020 13:11:16 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 3 Aug 2020 13:11:16 -0400    

We've allowed UTC offsets up to +/- 15:59 since commit cd0ff9c0f, but  
that commit forgot to fix the documentation about timetz.  
  
Per bug #16571 from osdba.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : 8ab00b9fe9f8a9efc40c3b0273c7184de7e84523    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 31 Jul 2020 11:43:13 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 31 Jul 2020 11:43:13 -0400    

The new hlCover() algorithm that I introduced in commit c9b0c678d  
turns out to potentially take O(N^2) or worse time on long documents,  
if there are many occurrences of individual query words but few or no  
substrings that actually satisfy the query.  (One way to hit this  
behavior is with a "common_word & rare_word" type of query.)  This  
seems unavoidable given the original goal of checking every substring  
of the document, so we have to back off that idea.  Fortunately, it  
seems unlikely that anyone would really want headlines spanning all of  
a long document, so we can avoid the worse-than-linear behavior by  
imposing a maximum length of substring that we'll consider.  
  
For now, just hard-wire that maximum length as a multiple of max_words  
times max_fragments.  Perhaps at some point somebody will argue for  
exposing it as a ts_headline parameter, but I'm hesitant to make such  
a feature addition in a back-patched bug fix.  
  
I also noted that the hlFirstIndex() function I'd added in that  
commit was unnecessarily stupid: it really only needs to check whether  
a HeadlineWordEntry's item pointer is null or not.  This wouldn't make  
all that much difference in typical cases with queries having just  
a few terms, but a cycle shaved is a cycle earned.  
  
In addition, add a CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS call in TS_execute_recurse.  
This ensures that hlCover's loop is cancellable if it manages to take  
a long time, and it may protect some other TS_execute callers as well.  
  
Back-patch to 9.6 as the previous commit was.  I also chose to add the  
CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS call to 9.5.  The old hlCover() algorithm seems  
to avoid the O(N^2) behavior, at least on the test case I tried, but  
nonetheless it's not very quick on a long document.  
  
Per report from Stephen Frost.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : 8680303f9b7b7b5c5a4b3116fc2d2d7e7f2eac7a    
  
author   : Tatsuo Ishii <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 31 Jul 2020 07:56:38 +0900    
  
committer: Tatsuo Ishii <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 31 Jul 2020 07:56:38 +0900    

In "High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication" chapter,  
certain descriptions of Pgpool-II were not correct at this point.  It  
does not need conflict resolution. Also "Multiple-Server Parallel  
Query Execution" is not supported anymore.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20200726.230128.53842489850344110.t-ishii%40sraoss.co.jp  
Author: Tatsuo Ishii  
Reviewed-by: Bruce Momjian  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : e3ba932da39bbcc88e431bc9bb8178627f53b07d    
  
author   : Peter Geoghegan <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 29 Jul 2020 16:00:50 -0700    
  
committer: Peter Geoghegan <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 29 Jul 2020 16:00:50 -0700    

Backpatch an assertion (that was originally added to Postgres 12 by  
commit dd299df8189) that seems broadly useful.  The assertion can detect  
violations of the HOT invariant (i.e. no two index tuples can point to  
the same heap TID) when CREATE INDEX somehow incorrectly allows that to  
take place.  
  
For example, a IndexBuildHeapScan/heapam_index_build_range_scan bug  
might result in two tuples that both point to the same heap TID.  If  
these two tuples also happen to be duplicates, the assertion will fail.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAH2-WzmBxu4o=pMsniur+bwHqCGCmV_AOLkuK6BuU7ngA6evqw@mail.gmail.com  
Backpatch: 9.5-11 only  

commit   : 8a60f541f3e4ef2177fa07e8f196b330df617e34    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 27 Jul 2020 15:59:13 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 27 Jul 2020 15:59:13 +0900    

A compressed stream may end with an empty packet.  In this case  
decompression finishes before reading the empty packet and the  
remaining stream packet causes a failure in reading the following  
data.  This commit makes sure to consume such extra data, avoiding a  
failure when decompression the data.  This corner case was reproducible  
easily with a data length of 16kB, and existed since e94dd6a.  A cheap  
regression test is added to cover this case based on a random,  
incompressible string.  
  
The first attempt of this patch has allowed to find an older failure  
within the compression logic of pgcrypto, fixed by b9b6105.  This  
involved SLES 15 with z390 where a custom flavor of libz gets used.  
Bonus thanks to Mark Wong for providing access to the specific  
environment.  
  
Reported-by: Frank Gagnepain  
Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi, Michael Paquier  
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : ccf964a801007a5fe7f9bef4cfb55b1263d23b1e    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jul 2020 17:19:37 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jul 2020 17:19:37 -0400    

contrib/pgcrypto mishandled the case where deflate() does not consume  
all of the offered input on the first try.  It reset the next_in pointer  
to the start of the input instead of leaving it alone, causing the wrong  
data to be fed to the next deflate() call.  
  
This has been broken since pgcrypto was committed.  The reason for the  
lack of complaints seems to be that it's fairly hard to get stock zlib  
to not consume all the input, so long as the output buffer is big enough  
(which it normally would be in pgcrypto's usage; AFAICT the input is  
always going to be packetized into packets no larger than ZIP_OUT_BUF).  
However, IBM's zlibNX implementation for AIX evidently will do it  
in some cases.  
  
I did not add a test case for this, because I couldn't find one that  
would fail with stock zlib.  When we put back the test case for  
bug #16476, that will cover the zlibNX situation well enough.  
  
While here, write deflate()'s second argument as Z_NO_FLUSH per its  
API spec, instead of hard-wiring the value zero.  
  
Per buildfarm results and subsequent investigation.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : edfc08652ae35de37c886ba0e9382d72eb2042dd    
  
author   : Peter Eisentraut <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jul 2020 17:13:00 +0200    
  
committer: Peter Eisentraut <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jul 2020 17:13:00 +0200    

TLS 1.3 uses a different way of specifying ciphers and a different  
OpenSSL API.  PostgreSQL currently does not support setting those  
ciphers.  For now, just document this.  In the future, support for  
this might be added somehow.  
  
Reviewed-by: Jonathan S. Katz <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <[email protected]>  

commit   : 47adb24882b248db80b5b554cfb4474ca38516e5    
  
author   : Thomas Munro <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jul 2020 21:10:49 +1200    
  
committer: Thomas Munro <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jul 2020 21:10:49 +1200    

Remove extra space.  Back-patch to all releases, like commit 7897e3bb.  
  
Author: Lu, Chenyang <[email protected]>  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/795d03c6129844d3803e7eea48f5af0d%40G08CNEXMBPEKD04.g08.fujitsu.local  

commit   : 11c320dcebc0191e527528d65a4008bcf904c582    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jul 2020 08:29:33 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 23 Jul 2020 08:29:33 +0900    

This reverts commit 9e10898, after finding out that buildfarm members  
running SLES 15 on z390 complain on the compression and decompression  
logic of the new test: pipistrelles, barbthroat and steamerduck.  
  
Those hosts are visibly using hardware-specific changes to improve zlib  
performance, requiring more investigation.  
  
Thanks to Tom Lane for the discussion.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : e0cb8282d61411300c593e18237e50f3d26a825e    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 22 Jul 2020 14:53:22 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 22 Jul 2020 14:53:22 +0900    

A compressed stream may end with an empty packet, and PGP decompression  
finished before reading this empty packet in the remaining stream.  This  
caused a failure in pgcrypto, handling this case as corrupted data.  
This commit makes sure to consume such extra data, avoiding a failure  
when decompression the entire stream.  This corner case was reproducible  
with a data length of 16kB, and existed since its introduction in  
e94dd6a.  A cheap regression test is added to cover this case.  
  
Thanks to Jeff Janes for the extra investigation.  
  
Reported-by: Frank Gagnepain  
Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi, Michael Paquier  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 5cd4954bb6edc5e50ade3f38ebbbf869c6313534    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Sat, 18 Jul 2020 22:43:59 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Sat, 18 Jul 2020 22:43:59 +0900    

This updates some URLs that are redirections, mostly to an equivalent  
using https.  One URL referring to generalized partial indexes was  
outdated.  
  
Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 39064225a63b2e7d9b0a82beb0c28e2a3b36645c    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 17 Jul 2020 11:03:55 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 17 Jul 2020 11:03:55 -0400    

We had two occurrences of "Mitteleuropäische Zeit" in Europe.txt,  
though the corresponding entries in Default were spelled  
"Mitteleuropaeische Zeit".  Standardize on the latter spelling to  
avoid questions of which encoding to use.  
  
While here, correct a couple of other trivial inconsistencies between  
the Default file and the supposedly-matching entries in the *.txt  
files, as exposed by some checking with comm(1).  Also, add BDST to  
the Europe.txt file; it previously was only listed in Default.  
None of this has any direct functional effect.  
  
Per complaint from Christoph Berg.  As usual for timezone data patches,  
apply to all branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : a452b239e3b0815f80ef1138634e158357e30126    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 16 Jul 2020 15:53:09 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 16 Jul 2020 15:53:09 +0900    

pg_test_fsync has always opened files using the text mode on Windows, as  
this is the default mode used if not enforced by _setmode().  
  
This fixes a failure when running pg_test_fsync down to 12 because  
O_DSYNC and the text mode are not able to work together nicely.  We  
fixed the handling of O_DSYNC in 12~ for the tool by switching to the  
concurrent-safe version of fopen() in src/port/ with 0ba06e0.  And  
40cfe86, by enforcing the text mode for compatibility reasons if O_TEXT  
or O_BINARY are not specified by the caller, broke pg_test_fsync.  For  
all versions, this avoids any translation overhead, and pg_test_fsync  
should test binary writes, so it is a gain in all cases.  
  
Note that O_DSYNC is still not handled correctly in ~11, leading to  
pg_test_fsync to show insanely high numbers for open_datasync() (using  
this property it is easy to notice that the binary mode is much  
faster).  This would require a backpatch of 0ba06e0 and 40cfe86, which  
could potentially break existing applications, so this is left out.  
  
There are no TAP tests for this tool yet, so I have checked all builds  
manually using MSVC.  We could invent a new option to run a single  
transaction instead of using a duration of 1s to make the tests a  
maximum short, but this is left as future work.  
  
Thanks to Bruce Momjian for the discussion.  
  
Reported-by: Jeff Janes  
Author: Michael Paquier  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 9e043d93c84364e02fd81e9b26f46277c232f1b4    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 15 Jul 2020 22:05:13 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 15 Jul 2020 22:05:13 -0400    

This commit back-patches the v12-era commits a73d08319, cc92cca43,  
and 7570df0f3 into supported pre-v12 branches.  The net effect is to  
eliminate our former dependency on the never-standard sys_siglist[]  
array, instead using POSIX-standard strsignal(3).  
  
What motivates doing this now is that glibc just removed sys_siglist[]  
from the set of symbols available to newly-built programs.  While our  
code can survive without sys_siglist[], it then fails to print any  
description of the signal that killed a child process, which is a  
non-negligible loss of friendliness.  We can expect that people will  
be wanting to build the back branches on platforms that include this  
change, so we need to do something.  
  
Since strsignal(3) has existed for quite a long time, and we've not  
had any trouble with these patches so far in v12, it seems safe to  
back-patch into older branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : 14fe8041395cdfaf05c736911080982d021c5e9d    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 15 Jul 2020 15:17:55 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 15 Jul 2020 15:17:55 +0900    

When working with an online source cluster, pg_rewind gets a list of all  
the files in the source data directory using a WITH RECURSIVE query,  
returning a NULL result for a file's metadata if it gets removed between  
the moment it is listed in a directory and the moment its metadata is  
obtained with pg_stat_file() (say a recycled WAL segment).  The query  
result was processed in such a way that for each tuple we checked only  
that the first file's metadata was NULL.  This could have two  
consequences, both resulting in a failure of the rewind:  
- If the first tuple referred to a removed file, all files from the  
source would be ignored.  
- Any file actually missing would not be considered as such.  
  
While on it, rework slightly the code so as no values are saved if we  
know that a file is going to be skipped.  
  
Issue introduced by b36805f, so backpatch down to 9.5.  
  
Author: Justin Pryzby, Michael Paquier  
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson, Masahiko Sawada  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : c732df133a3d4ad32b9fb35f2f1b15cb08ac6b3a    
  
author   : David Rowley <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 14 Jul 2020 17:00:57 +1200    
  
committer: David Rowley <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 14 Jul 2020 17:00:57 +1200    

An ALTER TABLE to validate a foreign key in which another subcommand  
already caused a pending table rewrite could fail due to ALTER TABLE  
attempting to validate the foreign key before the actual table rewrite  
takes place.  This situation could result in an error such as:  
  
ERROR:  could not read block 0 in file "base/nnnnn/nnnnn": read only 0 of 8192 bytes  
  
The failure here was due to the SPI call which validates the foreign key  
trying to access an index which is yet to be rebuilt.  
  
Similarly, we also incorrectly tried to validate CHECK constraints before  
the heap had been rewritten.  
  
The fix for both is to delay constraint validation until phase 3, after  
the table has been rewritten.  For CHECK constraints this means a slight  
behavioral change.  Previously ALTER TABLE VALIDATE CONSTRAINT on  
inheritance tables would be validated from the bottom up.  This was  
different from the order of evaluation when a new CHECK constraint was  
added.  The changes made here aligns the VALIDATE CONSTRAINT evaluation  
order for inheritance tables to be the same as ADD CONSTRAINT, which is  
generally top-down.  
  
Reported-by: Nazli Ugur Koyluoglu, using SQLancer  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvp%3DZXv8wiRyk_0rWr00skhGkt8vXDrHJYXRMft3TjkxCA%40mail.gmail.com  
Backpatch-through: 9.5 (all supported versions)  

commit   : dc6bb09949c821fc0db520e75b795ff226aba60c    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 13 Jul 2020 20:38:21 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 13 Jul 2020 20:38:21 -0400    

The qual pushdown logic assumed that all Vars in a restriction clause  
must be Vars referencing subquery outputs; but since we introduced  
LATERAL, it's possible for such a Var to be a lateral reference instead.  
This led to an assertion failure in debug builds.  In a non-debug  
build, there might be no ill effects (if qual_is_pushdown_safe decided  
the qual was unsafe anyway), or we could get failures later due to  
construction of an invalid plan.  I've not gone to much length to  
characterize the possible failures, but at least segfaults in the  
executor have been observed.  
  
Given that this has been busted since 9.3 and it took this long for  
anybody to notice, I judge that the case isn't worth going to great  
lengths to optimize.  Hence, fix by just teaching qual_is_pushdown_safe  
that such quals are unsafe to push down, matching the previous behavior  
when it accidentally didn't fail.  
  
Per report from Tom Ellis.  Back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20200713175124.GQ8220@cloudinit-builder  

commit   : 303322c5a4a867e205577377905409a21cc074e6    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Sat, 11 Jul 2020 13:36:51 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Sat, 11 Jul 2020 13:36:51 -0400    

Parallel pg_restore has always supposed that ACL items for different  
objects are independent and can be restored in parallel without  
conflicts.  However, there is one case where this fails: because  
REVOKE on a table is defined to also revoke the privilege(s) at  
column level, we can't restore per-column ACLs till after we restore  
any table-level privileges on their table.  Failure to honor this  
restriction can lead to "tuple concurrently updated" errors during  
parallel restore, or even to the per-column ACLs silently disappearing  
because the table-level REVOKE is executed afterwards.  
  
To fix, add a dependency from each column-level ACL item to its table's  
ACL item, if there is one.  Note that this doesn't fix the hazard  
for pre-existing archive files, only for ones made with a corrected  
pg_dump.  Given that the bug's been there quite awhile without  
field reports, I think this is acceptable.  
  
This requires changing the API of pg_dump's dumpACL() function.  
To keep its argument list from getting even longer, I removed the  
"CatalogId objCatId" argument, which has been unused for ages.  
  
Per report from Justin Pryzby.  Back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : a20535da7273186361a2a82a558658135cb9ab07    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 10 Jul 2020 13:16:00 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 10 Jul 2020 13:16:00 -0400    

Re-point comp.ai.genetic FAQ link to a more stable address.  
  
Remove stale links to AIX documentation; we don't really need to  
tell AIX users how to use their systems.  
  
Remove stale links to HP documentation about SSL.  We've had to  
update those twice before, making it increasingly obvious that  
HP does not intend them to be stable landing points.  They're  
not particularly authoritative, either.  (This change effectively  
reverts bbd3bdba3.)  
  
Daniel Gustafsson and Álvaro Herrera, per a gripe from  
Kyotaro Horiguchi.  Back-patch, since these links are  
just as dead in the back branches.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : ce9d053423fd8ca5d194dbd3efb13e615c7c0787    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 9 Jul 2020 17:38:52 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 9 Jul 2020 17:38:52 -0400    

Back-patch commits 91bdf499b and ffb4cee43, so that all branches  
agree on when and how to do Windows CRLF conversion.  
  
This should close the referenced thread.  Thanks to Andrew Dunstan  
for discussion/review.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : 2d7738a83cae7060adb1aa243ff653cb60955ba0    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Sun, 5 Jul 2020 19:36:34 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Sun, 5 Jul 2020 19:36:34 +0900    

This error has survived for 22 years, and has been introduced by  
da63386.  
  
Reported-by: Erwin Brandstetter  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAGHENJ57wogGOvGXo5LgWYcqswxafLck8ELqHDR+zrkTPgs_OQ@mail.gmail.com  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 69a3fe6e639ad57f65536ca7b1873b9a3f1814e6    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 3 Jul 2020 19:01:22 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 3 Jul 2020 19:01:22 -0400    

After running GetForeignRelSize for a foreign table, adjust rel->tuples  
to be at least as large as rel->rows.  This prevents bizarre behavior  
in estimate_num_groups() and perhaps other places, especially in the  
scenario where rel->tuples is zero because pg_class.reltuples is  
(suggesting that ANALYZE has never been run for the table).  As things  
stood, we'd end up estimating one group out of any GROUP BY on such a  
table, whereas the default group-count estimate is more likely to result  
in a sane plan.  
  
Also, clarify in the documentation that GetForeignRelSize has the option  
to override the rel->tuples value if it has a better idea of what to use  
than what is in pg_class.reltuples.  
  
Per report from Jeff Janes.  Back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Patch by me; thanks to Etsuro Fujita for review  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAMkU=1xNo9cnan+Npxgz0eK7394xmjmKg-QEm8wYG9P5-CcaqQ@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : f0b4d9e1181cf73bab13dba666870b57b86df125    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 3 Jul 2020 17:01:34 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 3 Jul 2020 17:01:34 -0400    

Commit ecd9e9f0b fixed the problem in the wrong place, causing unwanted  
side-effects on the behavior of GetNextTempTableSpace().  Instead,  
let's make SharedFileSetInit() responsible for subbing in the value  
of MyDatabaseTableSpace when the default tablespace is called for.  
  
The convention about what is in the tempTableSpaces[] array is  
evidently insufficiently documented, so try to improve that.  
  
It also looks like SharedFileSetInit() is doing the wrong thing in the  
case where temp_tablespaces is empty.  It was hard-wiring use of the  
pg_default tablespace, but it seems like using MyDatabaseTableSpace  
is more consistent with what happens for other temp files.  
  
Back-patch the reversion of PrepareTempTablespaces()'s behavior to  
9.5, as ecd9e9f0b was.  The changes in SharedFileSetInit() go back  
to v11 where that was introduced.  (Note there is net zero code change  
before v11 from these two patch sets, so nothing to release-note.)  
  
Magnus Hagander and Tom Lane  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CABUevExg5YEsOvqMxrjoNvb3ApVyH+9jggWGKwTDFyFCVWczGQ@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : cc6af1f2f16615bac991c2351d61d867a6b9a070    
  
author   : Magnus Hagander <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 3 Jul 2020 15:09:06 +0200    
  
committer: Magnus Hagander <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 3 Jul 2020 15:09:06 +0200    

A likely copy/paste error in 98e8b480532 from  back in 2004 would  
cause temp tablespace to be reset to InvalidOid if temp_tablespaces  
was set to the same value as the primary tablespace in the database.  
This would cause shared filesets (such as for parallel hash joins)  
to ignore them, putting the temporary files in the default tablespace  
instead of the configured one. The bug is in the old code, but it  
appears to have been exposed only once we had shared filesets.  
  
Reviewed-By: Daniel Gustafsson  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CABUevExg5YEsOvqMxrjoNvb3ApVyH+9jggWGKwTDFyFCVWczGQ@mail.gmail.com  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : f1a346ec4d3fac233f98cdb1af25245f5e1a8b31    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 30 Jun 2020 12:26:51 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 30 Jun 2020 12:26:51 -0400    

In a few cases, the documented syntax specified storage parameter values  
as required.  
  
Reported-by: [email protected]  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 1c76a141f32918dff4e1f552535f96b2dc7af0a8    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 30 Jun 2020 11:55:52 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 30 Jun 2020 11:55:52 -0400    

Previously it was specified to be only replica.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : f1e2172794cface079a21261e3c0bd7400896603    
  
author   : Noah Misch <[email protected]>    
date     : Sat, 27 Jun 2020 22:05:04 -0700    
  
committer: Noah Misch <[email protected]>    
date     : Sat, 27 Jun 2020 22:05:04 -0700    

Warnings start 10M transactions before xidStopLimit, which is 11M  
transactions before wraparound.  The sample WARNING output showed a  
value greater than 11M, and its HINT message predated commit  
25ec228ef760eb91c094cc3b6dea7257cc22ffb5.  Hence, the sample was  
impossible.  Back-patch to 9.5 (all supported versions).  

commit   : 9ac3b6f9d2627585e0d824548a4c09a3c7678d09    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 25 Jun 2020 18:33:28 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 25 Jun 2020 18:33:28 -0400    

Reported-by: [email protected]  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 1885b3f5e58aa108f261926c53555ff36e66a1a6    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 25 Jun 2020 18:22:44 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 25 Jun 2020 18:22:44 -0400    

That is, those database permissions set by GRANT.  
  
Diagnosed-by: Joseph Nahmias  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 08a2e40d1434d7775e67fd2857f9615bf60ca3b2    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 24 Jun 2020 15:47:30 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 24 Jun 2020 15:47:30 -0400    

I forgot that INT64_FORMAT can't be used with sscanf on Windows.  
Use the same trick of sscanf'ing into a temp variable as we do in  
some other places in zic.c.  
  
The upstream IANA code avoids the portability problem by relying on  
<inttypes.h>'s SCNdFAST64 macro.  Once we're requiring C99 in all  
branches, we should do likewise and drop this set of diffs from  
upstream.  For now, though, a hack seems fine, since we do not  
actually care about leapseconds anyway.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : bd53ea2b270f6cf8c41a24bd4c000dec272f80f1    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 22 Jun 2020 11:46:41 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 22 Jun 2020 11:46:41 -0400    

explain_get_index_name() applied quote_identifier() to the index name.  
This is fine for text output, but the non-text output formats all have  
their own quoting conventions and would much rather start from the  
actual index name.  For example in JSON you'd get something like  
  
       "Index Name": "\"My Index\"",  
  
which is surely not desirable, especially when the same does not  
happen for table names.  Hence, move the responsibility for applying  
quoting out to the callers, where it can go into already-existing  
special code paths for text format.  
  
This changes the API spec for users of explain_get_index_name_hook:  
before, they were supposed to apply quote_identifier() if necessary,  
now they should not.  Research suggests that the only publicly  
available user of the hook is hypopg, and it actually forgot to  
apply quoting anyway, so it's fine.  (In any case, there's no  
behavioral change for the output of a hook as seen in non-text  
EXPLAIN formats, so this won't break any case that programs should  
be relying on.)  
  
Digging in the commit logs, it appears that quoting was included in  
explain_get_index_name's duties when commit 604ffd280 invented it;  
and that was fine at the time because we only had text output format.  
This should have been rethought when non-text formats were invented,  
but it wasn't.  
  
This is a fairly clear bug for users of non-text EXPLAIN formats,  
so back-patch to all supported branches.  
  
Per bug #16502 from Maciek Sakrejda.  Patch by me (based on  
investigation by Euler Taveira); thanks to Julien Rouhaud for review.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : 83762d0a928d5ac97b6124d4da70a53f1a98fc33    
  
author   : Alvaro Herrera <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 19 Jun 2020 16:46:07 -0400    
  
committer: Alvaro Herrera <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 19 Jun 2020 16:46:07 -0400    

A few places calling fwrite and gzwrite were not setting errno to ENOSPC  
when reporting errors, as is customary; this led to some failures being  
reported as  
"could not write file: Success"  
which makes us look silly.  Make a few of these places in pg_dump and  
pg_basebackup use our customary pattern.  
  
Backpatch-to: 9.5  
Author: Justin Pryzby <[email protected]>  
Author: Tom Lane <[email protected]>  
Author: Álvaro Herrera <[email protected]>  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : 9496908d465efc6116eff78dd46fda27603515d1    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 19 Jun 2020 13:55:21 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 19 Jun 2020 13:55:21 -0400    

The IANA time zone folk have deprecated use of a "posixrules" file in  
the tz database.  While for now it's our choice whether to keep  
supplying one in our own builds, installations built with  
--with-system-tzdata will soon be needing to cope with that file not  
being present, at least on some platforms.  
  
This causes a problem for the horology test, which expected the  
nonstandard POSIX zone spec "CST7CDT" to apply pre-2007 US daylight  
savings rules.  That does happen if the posixrules file supplies such  
information, but otherwise the test produces undesired results.  
To fix, add an explicit transition date rule that matches 2005 practice.  
(We could alternatively have switched the test to use some real time  
zone, but it seems useful to have coverage of this type of zone spec.)  
  
While at it, update a documentation example that also relied on  
"CST7CDT"; use a real-world zone name instead.  Also, document why  
the zone names EST5EDT, CST6CDT, MST7MDT, PST8PDT aren't subject to  
similar failures when "posixrules" is missing.  
  
Back-patch to all supported branches, since the hazard is the same  
for all.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : 86593365ce40b20f99c0575e79f47da92afe46d7    
  
author   : Andres Freund <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 18 Jun 2020 15:12:09 -0700    
  
committer: Andres Freund <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 18 Jun 2020 15:12:09 -0700    

commit   : 8bc13287ed3e1856c9b8892df98683298d2f0cec    
  
author   : Andres Freund <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 8 Jun 2020 16:50:37 -0700    
  
committer: Andres Freund <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 8 Jun 2020 16:50:37 -0700    

This was a danger only for --disable-spinlocks in combination with  
atomic operations unsupported by the current platform.  
  
While atomics.c was careful to signal that a separate semaphore ought  
to be used when spinlock emulation is active, spin.c didn't actually  
implement that mechanism. That's my (Andres') fault, it seems to have  
gotten lost during the development of the atomic operations support.  
  
Fix that issue and add test for nesting atomic operations inside a  
spinlock.  
  
Author: Andres Freund  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch: 9.5-  

commit   : e8302f107af9ebe106ac71a9348514372015839f    
  
author   : Andres Freund <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 8 Jun 2020 16:36:51 -0700    
  
committer: Andres Freund <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 8 Jun 2020 16:36:51 -0700    

As s_lock_test, the already existing test for spinlocks, isn't run in  
an automated fashion (and doesn't test a normal backend environment),  
adding tests that are run as part of a normal regression run is a good  
idea. Particularly in light of several recent and upcoming spinlock  
related fixes.  
  
Currently the new tests are run as part of the pre-existing  
test_atomic_ops() test. That perhaps can be quibbled about, but for  
now seems ok.  
  
The only operations that s_lock_test tests but the new tests don't are  
the detection of a stuck spinlock and S_LOCK_FREE (which is otherwise  
unused, not implemented on all platforms, and will be removed).  
  
This currently contains a test for more than INT_MAX spinlocks (only  
run with --disable-spinlocks), to ensure the recent commit fixing a  
bug with more than INT_MAX spinlock initializations is correct. That  
test is somewhat slow, so we might want to disable it after a few  
days.  
  
It might be worth retiring s_lock_test after this. The added coverage  
of a stuck spinlock probably isn't worth the added complexity?  
  
Author: Andres Freund  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : 28589a8350d3e02d618e8085733cf33b151f0ae7    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 18 Jun 2020 16:27:18 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 18 Jun 2020 16:27:18 -0400    

We'd glossed over most of this complexity for years, but it's hard  
to avoid writing it all down now, so that we can explain what happens  
when there's no "posixrules" file in the IANA time zone database.  
That was at best a tiny minority situation till now, but it's likely  
to become quite common in the future, so we'd better explain it.  
  
Nonetheless, we don't really encourage people to use POSIX zone specs;  
picking a named zone is almost always what you really want, unless  
perhaps you're stuck with an out-of-date zone database.  Therefore,  
let's shove all this detail into an appendix.  
  
Patch by me; thanks to Robert Haas for help with some awkward wording.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : c38561196f78a07711595b0d052608f645a75fcb    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 17 Jun 2020 18:29:29 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 17 Jun 2020 18:29:29 -0400    

This absorbs a leap-second-related bug fix in localtime.c, and  
teaches zic to handle an expiration marker in the leapseconds file.  
Neither are of any interest to us (for the foreseeable future  
anyway), but we need to stay more or less in sync with upstream.  
  
Also adjust some over-eager changes in the README from commit 957338418.  
I have no intention of making changes that require C99 in this code,  
until such time as all the live back branches require C99.  Otherwise  
back-patching will get too exciting.  
  
For the same reason, absorb assorted whitespace and other cosmetic  
changes from HEAD into the back branches; mostly this reflects use of  
improved versions of pgindent.  
  
All in all then, quite a boring update.  But I figured I'd get it  
done while I was looking at this code.  

commit   : 660622053419fbb776c7218f2110500b3b034b35    
  
author   : Andres Freund <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 8 Jun 2020 15:25:49 -0700    
  
committer: Andres Freund <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 8 Jun 2020 15:25:49 -0700    

Once the counter goes negative we ended up with spinlocks that errored  
out on first use (due to check in tas_sema).  
  
Author: Andres Freund  
Reviewed-By: Robert Haas  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch: 9.5-  

commit   : 5771d8b690e0f1b49bf8fc7f5e5cb8880bcd5ca7    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 16 Jun 2020 16:41:11 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 16 Jun 2020 16:41:11 -0400    

The synopsis for PGTYPESinterval_free() used the wrong name.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : 02b71f06be751ff9809f48742f15e1905a1a6d83    
  
author   : Thomas Munro <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 16 Jun 2020 13:50:56 +1200    
  
committer: Thomas Munro <[email protected]>    
date     : Tue, 16 Jun 2020 13:50:56 +1200    

Convert buffile.c error handling to use ereport.  This fixes cases where  
I/O errors were indistinguishable from EOF or not reported.  Also remove  
"%m" from error messages where errno would be bogus.  While we're  
modifying those strings, add block numbers and short read byte counts  
where appropriate.  
  
Back-patch to all supported releases.  
  
Reported-by: Amit Khandekar <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Melanie Plageman <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Alvaro Herrera <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Robert Haas <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Ibrar Ahmed <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGJE04G%3D8TLK0DLypT_27D9dR8F1RQgNp0jK6qR0tZGWOw%40mail.gmail.com  

commit   : 5c1bfd627fdc0b9ab07c9ee88b4677147919bf1b    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 15 Jun 2020 20:59:40 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 15 Jun 2020 20:59:40 -0400    

Non-zero vacuum_defer_cleanup_age values cause pg_upgrade freezing of  
the system catalogs to be incomplete, or do nothing.  This will cause  
the upgrade to fail in confusing ways.  
  
Reported-by: Laurenz Albe  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 7295ac9c6c7142c464fa14f90c32cfac134f8665    
  
author   : Thomas Munro <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 15 Jun 2020 11:33:13 +1200    
  
committer: Thomas Munro <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 15 Jun 2020 11:33:13 +1200    

Our documentation failed to point out that REPEATABLE READ is really  
snapshot isolation, which might be important to some users.  Point to  
the standard reference paper for this complicated topic.  
  
Likewise, add a reference to the VLDB paper about PostgreSQL SSI, for  
technical information about our SSI implementation and how it compares  
to S2PL.  
  
While here, add a note about catalog access using a lower isolation  
level, per recent user complaint.  
  
Back-patch to all releases.  
  
Reported-by: Kyle Kingsbury <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Peter Geoghegan <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Tatsuo Ishii <[email protected]>  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/db7b729d-0226-d162-a126-8a8ab2dc4443%40jepsen.io  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16454-9408996bb1750faf%40postgresql.org  

commit   : f6ee4c39aca943aa224b410895f3634e0f1f60bc    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 11 Jun 2020 18:19:25 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 11 Jun 2020 18:19:25 -0400    

xreflabels prevent references to the chapter numbers of sections id's.  
It should only be used in specific cases.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 36df06e25c4a6f5be6132d56047063052af5ea76    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 11 Jun 2020 17:38:42 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 11 Jun 2020 17:38:42 -0400    

When merging two NumericAggStates, the code missed adding the new  
state's NaNcount unless its N was also nonzero; since those counts  
are independent, this is wrong.  
  
This would only have visible effect if some partial aggregate scans  
found only NaNs while earlier ones found only non-NaNs; then we could  
end up falsely deciding that there were no NaNs and fail to return a  
NaN final result as expected.  That's pretty improbable, so it's no  
surprise this hasn't been reported from the field.  Still, it's a bug.  
  
I didn't try to produce a regression test that would show the bug,  
but I did notice that these functions weren't being reached at all  
in our regression tests, so I improved the tests to at least  
exercise them.  With these additions, I see pretty complete code  
coverage on the aggregation-related functions in numeric.c.  
  
Back-patch to 9.6 where this code was introduced.  (I only added  
the improved test case as far back as v10, though, since the  
relevant part of aggregates.sql isn't there at all in 9.6.)  

commit   : e81dc2b7e2c49fa2bb647ce562a8fd3cbbf51e0b    
  
author   : Peter Geoghegan <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 11 Jun 2020 10:09:35 -0700    
  
committer: Peter Geoghegan <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 11 Jun 2020 10:09:35 -0700    

SSI's HeapCheckForSerializableConflictOut() test failed to correctly  
handle conditions involving a concurrently inserted tuple which is later  
concurrently updated by a separate transaction .  A SELECT statement  
that called HeapCheckForSerializableConflictOut() could end up using the  
same XID (updater's XID) for both the original tuple, and the successor  
tuple, missing the XID of the xact that created the original tuple  
entirely.  This only happened when neither tuple from the chain was  
visible to the transaction's MVCC snapshot.  
  
The observable symptoms of this bug were subtle.  A pair of transactions  
could commit, with the later transaction failing to observe the effects  
of the earlier transaction (because of the confusion created by the  
update to the non-visible row).  This bug dates all the way back to  
commit dafaa3ef, which added SSI.  
  
To fix, make sure that we check the xmin of concurrently inserted tuples  
that happen to also have been updated concurrently.  
  
Author: Peter Geoghegan  
Reported-By: Kyle Kingsbury  
Reviewed-By: Thomas Munro  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch: All supported versions  

commit   : fb024f46369b614eb7f12bc9e097b60884a44684    
  
author   : Amit Kapila <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 11 Jun 2020 14:10:43 +0530    
  
committer: Amit Kapila <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 11 Jun 2020 14:10:43 +0530    

Reported-by: John Naylor  
Author: John Naylor  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACPNZCtRuvs6G+EYqejhVJgBq2AKeZdXRVJsbX4syhO9gn5SNQ@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : e3c878ffdddce4a70ba9771e0493f3bb3f7b1b7d    
  
author   : Andres Freund <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 8 Jun 2020 19:52:19 -0700    
  
committer: Andres Freund <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 8 Jun 2020 19:52:19 -0700    

Previously we used pg_atomic_write_64_impl inside  
pg_atomic_init_u64. That works correctly, but on platforms without  
64bit single copy atomicity it could trigger spurious valgrind errors  
about uninitialized memory, because we use compare_and_swap for atomic  
writes on such platforms.  
  
I previously suppressed one instance of this problem (6c878edc1df),  
but as Tom reports that wasn't enough. As the atomic variable cannot  
yet be concurrently accessible during initialization, it seems better  
to have pg_atomic_init_64_impl set the value directly.  
  
Change pg_atomic_init_u32_impl for symmetry.  
  
Reported-By: Tom Lane  
Author: Andres Freund  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch: 9.5-  

commit   : 644cac32a0bcfb1749e82c17f2d01d1b6aad8207    
  
author   : Thomas Munro <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 8 Jun 2020 13:57:24 +1200    
  
committer: Thomas Munro <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 8 Jun 2020 13:57:24 +1200    

The redo routines for XLOG_CHECKPOINT_{ONLINE,SHUTDOWN} must acquire  
ControlFileLock before modifying ControlFile->checkPointCopy, or the  
checkpointer could write out a control file with a bad checksum.  
  
Likewise, XLogReportParameters() must acquire ControlFileLock before  
modifying ControlFile and calling UpdateControlFile().  
  
Back-patch to all supported releases.  
  
Author: Nathan Bossart <[email protected]>  
Author: Fujii Masao <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>  
Reviewed-by: Thomas Munro <[email protected]>  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/70BF24D6-DC51-443F-B55A-95735803842A%40amazon.com  

commit   : 5c28a7bf1c57756e8992c2a6a083a34109f38323    
  
author   : Noah Misch <[email protected]>    
date     : Sun, 7 Jun 2020 16:27:13 -0700    
  
committer: Noah Misch <[email protected]>    
date     : Sun, 7 Jun 2020 16:27:13 -0700    

Commit 7be5d8df1f74b78620167d3abf32ee607e728919 surfaced the logic  
error, which had no functional implications, by adding "use warnings".  
The buildfarm always customizes PROVE_FLAGS, so the warning did not  
appear there.  Back-patch to 9.5 (all supported versions).  

commit   : d7f93f9b3ded5c93f5b79964f958a432ee6d5b13    
  
author   : Noah Misch <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 5 Jun 2020 20:10:53 -0700    
  
committer: Noah Misch <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 5 Jun 2020 20:10:53 -0700    

Back-patch to 9.5, where commit 4f700bcd20c087f60346cb8aefd0e269be8e2157  
first appeared.  
  
Reviewed by Tom Lane.  Reported by Andrew Dunstan.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  

commit   : e7a134b5817b6503f602a4b0f454e1572d1fbcc7    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 4 Jun 2020 10:18:17 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 4 Jun 2020 10:18:17 +0900    

This broke the project rule to not call any complex code while a  
spinlock is held.  Issue introduced by b89e151.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : e2fa9732fddce05f9f0d3db3e3dc113b1ff1152d    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 1 Jun 2020 14:41:42 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 1 Jun 2020 14:41:42 +0900    

This issue has been present since the introduction of this code as of  
a3519a2 from 2002, and has been found by buildfarm member prion that  
uses RELCACHE_FORCE_RELEASE via the tests introduced recently in  
e786be5.  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : b9f152d25a11e535975df971e536a2e27386179a    
  
author   : Andrew Dunstan <[email protected]>    
date     : Sun, 31 May 2020 18:33:00 -0400    
  
committer: Andrew Dunstan <[email protected]>    
date     : Sun, 31 May 2020 18:33:00 -0400    

Also add a top-level install-tests target.  
  
Backpatch to all live branches.  
  
Craig Ringer, tweaked by me.  

commit   : 43d7934a3a9291aac6d3c713107bdac059062e0d    
  
author   : Joe Conway <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 28 May 2020 13:45:11 -0400    
  
committer: Joe Conway <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 28 May 2020 13:45:11 -0400    

Two of the members of rconn were left uninitialized. When  
dblink_open() is called without an outer transaction it  
handles the initialization for us, but with an outer  
transaction it does not. Arrange for initialization  
in all cases. Backpatch to all supported versions.  
  
Reported-by: Alexander Lakhin  
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/9bd0744f-5f04-c778-c5b3-809efe9c30c7%40joeconway.com#c545909a41664991aca60c4d70a10ce7  

commit   : 28e2c6eacc69e2a186d6fe5d2b9c55c5f978d368    
  
author   : Joe Conway <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 28 May 2020 13:17:20 -0400    
  
committer: Joe Conway <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 28 May 2020 13:17:20 -0400    

The repeat() function loops for potentially a long time without  
ever checking for interrupts. This prevents, for example, a query  
cancel from interrupting until the work is all done. Fix by  
inserting a CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS() into the loop.  
  
Backpatch to all supported versions.  
  
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/8692553c-7fe8-17d9-cbc1-7cddb758f4c6%40joeconway.com  

commit   : d2d1a53ee99d4bfe95a82f176e6bdf3f07a303ef    
  
author   : Noah Misch <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 25 May 2020 16:21:04 -0700    
  
committer: Noah Misch <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 25 May 2020 16:21:04 -0700    

The target failed, tested $PATH binaries, or tested a stale temporary  
installation.  Commit c66b438db62748000700c9b90b585e756dd54141 missed  
this.  Back-patch to 9.5 (all supported versions).  

commit   : 7bf6b3e0075538598a1fb02a11f3080678814ed5    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 21 May 2020 20:28:38 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 21 May 2020 20:28:38 -0400    

Reported-by: yigong hu  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAOxFffcourucFqSk+tZA13ErS3XRYkDy6EeaPff4AvHGiEEuug@mail.gmail.com  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : d594e4cd73ea30fd64af0a9d438a8ad498dd50e7    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 21 May 2020 19:49:30 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 21 May 2020 19:49:30 -0400    

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 57dc672c27bda0538895777d2e99ebc4ea9b23df    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 21 May 2020 14:41:40 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 21 May 2020 14:41:40 +0900    

When installing binaries and libraries using the MSVC installation  
routines, the operation gets done after moving to the root folder, whose  
location is detected by checking if "configure" exists two times in a  
row.  So, calling the installation script from src/tools/msvc/ with an  
extra "configure" file four levels up the root path of the code tree  
causes the execution to go further up, leading to a failure in finding  
the builds.  This commit fixes the issue by moving to the root folder of  
the code tree only once, when necessary.  
  
Author: Arnold Müller  
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : bad73cb30ad8395120397073624ff35f21dad5c8    
  
author   : Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 20 May 2020 14:21:59 +0900    
  
committer: Michael Paquier <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 20 May 2020 14:21:59 +0900    

The description missed a comma and lacked an explanation of what happens  
with REPLICA IDENTITY USING INDEX when the dependent index is dropped.  
  
Author: Marina Polyakova  
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson, Michael Paquier  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : ee62f9ab0c4dca008405d4508e6a9fde1a31b417    
  
author   : Amit Kapila <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 18 May 2020 08:32:43 +0530    
  
committer: Amit Kapila <[email protected]>    
date     : Mon, 18 May 2020 08:32:43 +0530    

Reported-by: Sawada Masahiko  
Author: Sawada Masahiko  
Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+fd4k4Ws7M7YQ8PqSym5WB1y75dZeBTd1sZJUQdfe0KJQ-iSA@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : 594ba7f79d32ad1e915c3acb53d84b6e57884ce5    
  
author   : Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 19:05:40 -0400    
  
committer: Tom Lane <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 19:05:40 -0400    

The previous coding zeroed out offsetof(ReplicationStateCtl, states)  
more bytes than it was entitled to, as a consequence of starting the  
zeroing from the wrong pointer (or, if you prefer, using the wrong  
calculation of how much to zero).  
  
It's unsurprising that this has not caused any reported problems,  
since it can be expected that the newly-allocated block is at the end  
of what we've used in shared memory, and we always make the shmem  
block substantially bigger than minimally necessary.  Nonetheless,  
this is wrong and it could bite us someday; plus it's a dangerous  
model for somebody to copy.  
  
This dates back to the introduction of this code (commit 5aa235042),  
so back-patch to all supported branches.  

commit   : 4649eb91916b9906fe2604af4c7157852700403f    
  
author   : Alvaro Herrera <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 16:50:34 -0400    
  
committer: Alvaro Herrera <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 16:50:34 -0400    

_bt_killitems marks btree items dead when a scan leaves the page where  
they live, but it does so with only share lock (to improve concurrency).  
This was historicall okay, since killing a dead item has no  
consequences.  However, with the advent of data checksums and  
wal_log_hints, this action incurs a WAL full-page-image record of the  
page.  Multiple concurrent processes would write the same page several  
times, leading to WAL bloat.  The probability of this happening can be  
reduced by only killing items if they're not already dead, so change the  
code to do that.  
  
The problem could eliminated completely by having _bt_killitems upgrade  
to exclusive lock upon seeing a killable item, but that would reduce  
concurrency so it's considered a cure worse than the disease.  
  
Backpatch all the way back to 9.5, since wal_log_hints was introduced in  
9.4.  
  
Author: Masahiko Sawada <[email protected]>  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+fd4k6PeRj2CkzapWNrERkja5G0-6D-YQiKfbukJV+qZGFZ_Q@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : 6cae5e12a5d27e15b1aa51dc0ae7e5e68babe75d    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 12:38:39 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 12:38:39 -0400    

This is for use by the PG 13 release notes, but might be used for minor  
release notes in the future.  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : 4f981f32ceca4ce37c57b8b3eaa8855b2ff19dc0    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 12:05:42 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 12:05:42 -0400    

Add missing xreflabels for index types, geqo, libpq, spi, server-side  
languages, ecpg, and vaacuumlo.  
  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : cd61b8a0257a674d67bd14deec2b746852f4fd61    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 09:55:42 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 09:55:42 -0400    

Backpatch-through: 9.5  

commit   : ce71624a2587f4b6e48f96d0bce8bb3abcdf58f9    
  
author   : Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 08:52:24 -0400    
  
committer: Bruce Momjian <[email protected]>    
date     : Fri, 15 May 2020 08:52:24 -0400    

commit   : a1466e194e44dac7f5e8251e20bfc074b0df08e5    
  
author   : Amit Kapila <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 14 May 2020 09:50:10 +0530    
  
committer: Amit Kapila <[email protected]>    
date     : Thu, 14 May 2020 09:50:10 +0530    

Visual Studio 2015 and later versions should still be able to do the same  
as Visual Studio 2012, but the declaration of locale_name is missing in  
_locale_t, causing the code compilation to fail, hence this falls back  
instead on to enumerating all system locales by using EnumSystemLocalesEx  
to find the required locale name.  If the input argument is in Unix-style  
then we can get ISO Locale name directly by using GetLocaleInfoEx() with  
LCType as LOCALE_SNAME.  
  
In passing, change the documentation references of the now obsolete links.  
  
Note that this problem occurs only with NLS enabled builds.  
  
Author: Juan José Santamaría Flecha, Davinder Singh and Amit Kapila  
Reviewed-by: Ranier Vilela and Amit Kapila  
Backpatch-through: 9.5  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHzhFSFoJEWezR96um4-rg5W6m2Rj9Ud2CNZvV4NWc9tXV7aXQ@mail.gmail.com  

commit   : 1ab5b672e43ae89f1eb49107062125936d1e9794    
  
author   : Noah Misch <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 13 May 2020 20:42:09 -0700    
  
committer: Noah Misch <[email protected]>    
date     : Wed, 13 May 2020 20:42:09 -0700    

The defect suppressed a Standby Status Update message when bytes flushed  
to disk had changed but bytes received had not changed.  If  
pg_recvlogical then exited with no intervening Standby Status Update,  
the next pg_recvlogical repeated already-flushed records.  The defect  
could also cause superfluous messages, which are functionally harmless.  
Back-patch to 9.5 (all supported versions).  
  
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]